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musical production

Толкование Перевод

1 musical production

производство музыкальных программ

English-Russian electronics dictionary > musical production
2 musical production

производство музыкальных программ

The New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > musical production
3 production

1) изделие; продукт

2) продукция (напр. фирмы)

3) производство

а) процесс производства; изготовление

б) создание; (по)рождение

4) объем производства

5) представление; показ; презентация; предъявление

6) (художественное) произведение; постановка; спектакль

7) вчт правило вида условие-действие, порождающее правило, проф. продукция, продукционное правило || порождающий, проф. продукционный

8) стандартный; типовой ( о продукции)

•

- production of knowledge
- captive production
- direct production
- dramatic production
- electron-hole production
- electron-hole pairs production
- in-house production
- JIT production
- just-in-time production
- mixed model production

- musical production
- pair production
- probabilistic production
- radio production
- remotely-manned production
- simple production
- speech production
- television production
- terminal production
- welded electronic production

English-Russian electronics dictionary > production
4 production

1) изделие; продукт

2) продукция (напр. фирмы)

3) производство

а) процесс производства; изготовление

б) создание; (по)рождение

4) объем производства

5) представление; показ; презентация; предъявление

6) (художественное) произведение; постановка; спектакль

7) вчт. правило вида условие-действие, порождающее правило, проф. продукция, продукционное правило || порождающий, проф. продукционный

8) стандартный; типовой ( о продукции)

•

- captive production
- direct production
- dramatic production
- electron-hole pairs production
- electron-hole production
- in-house production
- JIT production
- just-in-time production
- mixed model production
- musical production
- pair production
- probabilistic production
- production of knowledge
- radio production
- remotely-manned production
- simple production
- speech production
- television production
- terminal production
- welded electronic production

The New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > production
5 mode

məud сущ.
1) метод, методика, способ The writer made use of a mode of teaching used commonly enough in the Bible. ≈ Писатель использует тот наставительный способ изложения, который достаточно часто применяется в Библии. mode of production Syn: method, manner, means
2) образ действий, манера поведения He explained it in his usual solemn mode. ≈ Он объяснил это в своей обычной важной манере. mode of life Syn: fashion
1.
3) вид, форма
4) состояние, режим a spacecraft in reentry mode ≈ космический корабль, находящийся в плотных слоях атмосферы when the camera is in automatic mode ≈ когда камера находится в автоматическом режиме Syn: status
5) стиль;
мода;
обычай It is the mode to live high, to spend more than we get. ≈ Это обычай жить богато, тратить больше, чем мы получаем. a slightly more elegant and formal mode of dress ≈ слегка более элегантный и формальный стиль одежды Syn: fashion
1., vogue, style
1.
6) муз. лад, тональность
7) грам.;
редк. наклонение Syn: mood II
8) лог. модальность суждения метод, способ - * of production (политэкономия) способ производства - * of publication способ издания( книг) - * of operation( специальное) способ или режим работы образ действий;
манера - * of life образ жизни - * of speaking манера говорить форма, вид - * of publication форма /вид/ издания (книг) - musical and literary *s of expression музыкальная и литературная формы выражения - * of combat( военное) вид боевых действий - * of decay( физическое) тип /форма, схема/ распада мода, обычай - today such a thing is the * сейчас такие вещи не в моде;
теперь мода на такие вещи - after the * of France на французский манер /лад/;
по французскому обычаю;
как принято во Франции (грамматика) (устаревшее) наклонение (музыкальное) лад, тональность (логика) модальность суждения (геология) действительный минералогический состав породы мода (в математической статистике) (физическое) тип движения;
мода (напр. колебаний) access ~ вчт. режим доступа addressing ~ вчт. способ адресации append ~ вчт. режим дозаписи attraction ~ вчт. демонстрационный режим auto-indent ~ вчт. режим автоматического отступа background ~ вчт. фоновый режим base ~ вчт. базовый режим batch ~ вчт. пакетный режим block ~ вчт. блочный режим broadcast ~ вчт. режим рассылки burst ~ вчт. монопольный режим capitals ~ вчт. режим прописных букв command ~ вчт. командный режим communication ~ вчт. режим связи compatibility ~ вчт. режим эмуляции compute ~ вчт. режим счета contention ~ вчт. состязательный режим conversational ~ вчт. диалоговый режим data-in ~ вчт. режим ввода данных data-out ~ вчт. режим вывода данных dialog ~ вчт. диалоговый режим display ~ вчт. экранный режим dual-processor ~ вчт. двухпроцессорный режим edit ~ вчт. режим редактирования event input ~ вчт. ввод с очередями failure ~ вчт. вид отказа file ~ вчт. режимный код файла fly-through ~ вчт. режим наблюдения с высоты птичьего полета free-running ~ вчт. режим свободного доступа full-screen ~ вчт. полноэкранный режим graphic ~ вчт. графический режим graphics ~ вчт. графический режим help ~ вчт. консультативный режим idle ~ вчт. нерабочий режим indexed ~ вчт. режим индексирования insert ~ вчт. режим вставки interactive ~ вчт. диалоговый режим interactive ~ вчт. интерактивный режим interpretive ~ вчт. режим интерпретации inverse video ~ вчт. режим выдачи негативного изображения kernel ~ вчт. режим ядра keyboard ~ вчт. клавиатурный режим learn ~ вчт. режим обучения local ~ вчт. автономный режим lock ~ вчт. режим блокировки manual ~ вчт. ручной режим mapped ~ вчт. режим с управлением памятью master ~ вчт. привелигированный режим mode вид ~ муз. лад, тональность ~ метод, способ;
mode of production способ производства ~ метод ~ мода;
обычай ~ образ ~ образ действий;
mode of life образ жизни ~ принцип работы ~ вчт. режим ~ способ ~ форма, вид ~ форма ~ of communication способ связи ~ of communication средство общения ~ образ действий;
mode of life образ жизни ~ of operation метод работы ~ of operation принцип работы ~ of operation способ действия ~ of payment форма платежа ~ метод, способ;
mode of production способ производства move ~ вчт. режим пересылки multitask ~ вчт. многозадачный режим native ~ вчт. режим работы в собственной системе команд nonwrap ~ вчт. режим без автоматического перевода строки off-line ~ вчт. автономный режим on-line ~ вчт. оперативный режим operating ~ вчт. рабочий режим page ~ вчт. страничный режим pipeline ~ вчт. конвейерный режим posted-write ~ вчт. режим отложенной записи privileged ~ вчт. привилегированный режим query ~ вчт. справочный режим question-answer ~ вчт. вопросно-ответный режим ready ~ вчт. режим готовности real address ~ вчт. режим реальной адресации real ~ вчт. реальный режим real time ~ вчт. режим реального времени replace ~ вчт. режим замещения run ~ вчт. режим прогона scope ~ вчт. экранный режим screen ~ вчт. экранный режим slave ~ вчт. непривилегированный режим slotted ~ вчт. режим с выделением квантов времени split-screen ~ вчт. полиэкранный режим spy ~ вчт. режим контрольных точек stream ~ вчт. пакетный режим supervisor ~ вчт. режим супервизора task ~ вчт. режим задачи test ~ вчт. тестовый режим text ~ вчт. текстовый режим through ~ вчт. режим работы на проход total-failure ~ вчт. режим полного отказа tracing ~ вчт. режим трассировки tracking-cross ~ вчт. режим отслеживания training ~ вчт. режим обучения transparent ~ вчт. прозрачный режим unoperable ~ вчт. режим простоя usage ~ вчт. режим использования user ~ вчт. режим пользователя user-operation ~ вчт. пользовательский режим verification ~ вчт. режим контроля virtual address ~ вчт. режим виртуальной адресации wave ~ тип волны wave ~ тип колебаний wrong ~ вчт. неверно выбранный режим

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > mode
6 hit

1. transitive verb,
-tt-, hit

1) (strike with blow) schlagen; (strike with missile) treffen; [Geschoss, Ball usw.:] treffen

I've been hit! — (struck by bullet) ich bin getroffen!

I could hit him — (fig. coll.) ich könnte ihm eine runterhauen (ugs.)

hit somebody over the head — jemandem eins überziehen (ugs.)

hit by lightning — vom Blitz getroffen

2) (come forcibly into contact with) [Fahrzeug:] prallen gegen [Mauer usw.]; [Schiff:] laufen gegen [Felsen usw.]

the aircraft hit the ground — das Flugzeug schlug auf den Boden auf

hit the roof or ceiling — (fig. coll.): (become angry) an die Decke od. in die Luft gehen (ugs.)

3) (cause to come into contact) [an]stoßen; [an]schlagen

hit one's head on something — mit dem Kopf gegen etwas stoßen; sich (Dat.) den Kopf an etwas (Dat.) stoßen

4) (fig.): (cause to suffer)

hit badly or hard — schwer treffen

5) (fig.): (affect) treffen

have been hit by frost/rain — etc. durch Frost/Regen usw. gelitten haben

6) (fig.): (light upon) finden; stoßen od. treffen auf (+ Akk.); finden [Bodenschätze]

7) (fig. coll.): (arrive at) erreichen [Höchstform, bestimmten Ort, bestimmte Höhe, bestimmtes Alter usw.]

I think we've hit a snag — ich glaube, jetzt gibt's Probleme

hit town — ankommen; see also academic.ru/1849/all-time">all-time

8) (fig. coll.): (indulge in) zuschlagen bei (+ Dat.) (salopp)

[begin to] hit the bottle — das Trinken anfangen

9) (Cricket) erzielen [Lauf]

hit the ball for six — (Brit.) sechs Läufe auf einmal erzielen

hit somebody for six — (fig.) jemanden übertrumpfen
2. intransitive verb,
-tt-, hit

1) (direct a blow) schlagen

hit hard — fest od. hart zuschlagen

hit at somebody/something — auf jemanden/etwas einschlagen

hit and run — [Autofahrer:] Fahrer- od. Unfallflucht begehen; [Angreifer:] einen Blitzüberfall machen

2) (come into forcible contact)

hit against or upon something — gegen od. auf etwas (Akk.) stoßen
3. noun
1) (blow) Schlag, der

2) (shot or bomb striking target) Treffer, der

3) (success) Erfolg, der; Knüller, der (ugs.); (success in entertainment) Schlager, der; Hit, der (ugs.)

make a hit — gut ankommen

Phrasal Verbs:

- hit back

- hit off

- hit out

- hit upon

* * *
[hit] 1. present participle - hitting; verb
1) (to (cause or allow to) come into hard contact with: The ball hit him on the head; He hit his head on/against a low branch; The car hit a lamp-post; He hit me on the head with a bottle; He was hit by a bullet; That boxer can certainly hit hard!) schlagen, treffen

2) (to make hard contact with (something), and force or cause it to move in some direction: The batsman hit the ball (over the wall).) stoßen

3) (to cause to suffer: The farmers were badly hit by the lack of rain; Her husband's death hit her hard.) treffen

4) (to find; to succeed in reaching: His second arrow hit the bull's-eye; Take the path across the fields and you'll hit the road; She used to be a famous soprano but she cannot hit the high notes now.) treffen
2. noun
1) (the act of hitting: That was a good hit.) der Schlag

2) (a point scored by hitting a target etc: He scored five hits.) der Treffer

3) (something which is popular or successful: The play/record is a hit; ( also adjective) a hit song.) der Hit, Hit-...

•

- hit-and-run
- hit-or-miss
- hit back
- hit below the belt
- hit it off
- hit on
- hit out
- make a hit with
* * *

hit

[hɪt]

I. n

1. (blow) Schlag m

to give sb a \hit [on the head] jdm einen Schlag [auf den Kopf] versetzen

2. (verbal blow) Seitenhieb m (at gegen + akk)

3. (shot) Treffer m

to suffer [or take] a direct \hit direkt getroffen werden

the hurricane scored a direct \hit on Miami der Orkan traf Miami mit voller Wucht

4. (collision) Aufprall m

few animals survive a \hit from a speeding car nur wenige Tiere überleben es, wenn sie von einem Auto angefahren werden

5. (success) Hit m fam

to be [or make] a [big] \hit with sb bei jdm gut ankommen

she's trying to make a \hit with my brother sie versucht, bei meinem Bruder zu landen fam

6. (in baseball) Hit m

to score a \hit einen Punkt machen

7. (sl: single dose of drug) Schuss m sl

8. esp AM ( fam: murder)

to score a \hit jdn umlegen fam

9. INET (visit to a web page) Besuch m einer Webseite

10. COMPUT (in database) Treffer m

11.

▶ to get a \hit from doing sth (sl) von etw dat einen Kick kriegen sl

▶ to take a [big] \hit einen [großen] Verlust hinnehmen [müssen]

II. n modifier (CD, musical) Hit-

\hit song Hit m

his musical was a \hit show sein Musical war ein Riesenerfolg

she had a one-\hit wonder five years ago sie hatte vor fünf Jahren einen einzigen Hit

III. vt

<-tt-, hit, hit>

1. (strike)

▪ to \hit sb/an animal jdn/ein Tier schlagen

to \hit sb a blow jdm einen Schlag versetzen

to \hit sb below the belt ( also fig) jdm einen Schlag unter die Gürtellinie versetzen a. fig

to \hit sb on [or over] the head jdn niederschlagen

to \hit sb in the stomach jdm einen Schlag in den Magen versetzen

to \hit sb where it hurts ( fig) jdn an einer empfindlichen Stelle treffen fig

2. (come in contact)

▪ to \hit sb/sth jdn/etw treffen

the house was \hit by lightning in das Haus schlug der Blitz ein

to \hit sb hard jdn schwer treffen

3. (touch, press)

to \hit a button einen Knopf drücken

to \hit a key auf eine Taste drücken

4. (crash into)

▪ to \hit sth gegen etw akk stoßen

their car \hit a tree ihr Auto krachte gegen einen Baum fam

she \hit her head on the edge of the table sie schlug sich den Kopf an der Tischkante an

the glass \hit the floor das Glas fiel zu Boden

to \hit an iceberg mit einem Eisberg kollidieren

5. (with missile)

▪ to be \hit getroffen werden

I've been \hit! mich hat's erwischt! fam

John was \hit in the leg John wurde am Bein getroffen

6. SPORT

to \hit a ball [with a bat] einen Ball [mit einem Schläger] treffen

to \hit sb below the belt jdn unter der Gürtellinie treffen

to \hit a century hundert Punkte erzielen

to \hit a home run einen Homerun erzielen

7. (affect negatively)

▪ to \hit sb/sth jdn/etw treffen

San Francisco was \hit by an earthquake last night San Francisco wurde letzte Nacht von einem Erdbeben erschüttert

to be badly \hit by sth von etw dat hart getroffen werden

production has been badly \hit by the strike die Produktion leidet sehr unter dem Streik

8. ( fam: arrive at)

▪ to \hit sth:

we should \hit the main road after five miles or so wir müssten nach ungefähr fünf Meilen auf die Hauptstraße stoßen

my sister \hit forty last week meine Schwester wurde letzte Woche 40

to \hit the headlines in die Schlagzeilen kommen

to \hit an internet page [or a web site] eine Webseite besuchen

to \hit the market auf den Markt kommen

to \hit the papers in die Zeitungen kommen

to \hit 200 kph 200 Sachen machen fam

to \hit rock bottom [or an all-time low] einen historischen Tiefstand erreichen

to \hit a patch of ice auf Glatteis geraten

to \hit a reef/a sandbank auf ein Riff/eine Sandbank auflaufen

9. ( fam: go to)

we \hit the snack bar for something to eat wir gingen in die Snackbar und kauften uns was zu essen

let's \hit the dance floor lass uns tanzen!

10. (encounter)

to \hit oil auf Öl stoßen

to \hit a bad [or sticky] patch in eine Krise geraten

to \hit a lot of resistance auf heftigen Widerstand stoßen

to \hit the rush hour/a traffic jam in die Stoßzeit/einen Stau geraten

to \hit trouble in Schwierigkeiten geraten

11. (occur to)

▪ to \hit sb jdm aufgehen [o auffallen]

it suddenly \hit me that... mir war plötzlich klar, dass

has it ever \hit you...? ist dir schon mal aufgefallen,...

12. (produce)

to \hit a [wrong] note einen [falschen] Ton treffen

to \hit the right note speech den richtigen Ton treffen fig

13. ( fam: murder)

▪ to \hit sb jdn umlegen fam

14. ( fam: ask for)

▪ to \hit sb [up] for sth jdn nach etw dat fragen

15.

▶ to \hit the books büffeln fam

▶ to \hit the bottle zur Flasche greifen fig

▶ to \hit the ceiling [or roof] an die Decke gehen fig fam

▶ to \hit the deck [or dirt] sich akk zu Boden werfen

\hit the deck! someone's coming! alle Mann runter! da kommt jemand!

▶ sth \hits sb between the eyes etw springt jdm ins Auge fig

▶ to \hit the ground running etw voller Begeisterung angehen fam

▶ to \hit the hay [or sack] in die Falle gehen fig fam

▶ to \hit home:

the full horror of the war only \hit home when we... die Schrecklichkeit des Krieges wurde uns erst so richtig bewusst, als...

his insults really \hit home! seine Beleidigungen saßen! fam

▶ to \hit the jackpot das große Los ziehen

▶ to not know what has \hit one aus allen Wolken fallen fam

▶ to \hit the nail on the head den Nagel auf den Kopf treffen fig

▶ to \hit the road sich akk auf den Weg machen

▶ to \hit sb for six BRIT jdn hart treffen

▶ sth really \hits the spot etw ist genau das Richtige

▶ to \hit one's stride seinen Rhythmus finden

IV. vi

1. (strike)

▪ to \hit [at sb/sth] [nach jdm/etw] schlagen

to \hit hard kräftig zuschlagen

2. (collide)

two cars \hit on the sharp bend zwei Autos stießen in der scharfen Kurve zusammen

3. (attack)

▪ to \hit at sb ( also fig) jdn attackieren a. fig

4. (take effect) wirken

we sat waiting for the alcohol to \hit wir warteten, bis der Alkohol wirkte

* * *
[hɪt] vb: pret, ptp hit
1. n

1) (= blow) Schlag m; (on target, FENCING) Treffer m; (BASEBALL) Schlag m → score

See:

→ score

2) (= success ALSO THEAT) Erfolg m, Knüller m (inf); (= song) Hit m

to be or make a ( big) hit with sb — bei jdm (ausgesprochen) gut ankommen

3) (of sarcasm etc) Spitze f

that's a hit at me — das ist eine Spitze gegen mich; (indirect also) das ist auf mich gemünzt

4) (INTERNET) Hit m; (on home page etc) Abrufzahlen pl

hits counter — Zugriffs- or Besucherzähler m, Counter m

5) (DRUGS inf) (= injection) Schuss m; (= drag) Zug m

6) (inf: murder) Mord m

2. vt

1) (= strike) schlagen; (COMPUT) key drücken

to hit sb a blow — jdm einen Schlag versetzen

he hit him a blow over the head — er gab ihm einen Schlag auf den Kopf

to hit one's head against sth — sich (dat) den Kopf an etw (dat) stoßen

he hit his head on the table — er schlug mit dem Kopf auf dem Tisch auf

the car hit a tree — das Auto fuhr gegen einen Baum

he was hit by a stone —

the house was hit by a shell — das Haus wurde von einer Granate getroffen

the tree was hit by lightning —

to hit one's way out of trouble (Tennis) (Boxing) we're going to hit the enemy as hard as we can — sich freischlagen sich freispielen sich freiboxen wir werden so hart wie möglich gegen den Feind vorgehen

the commandos hit the town at dawn — die Kommandos griffen die Stadt im Morgengrauen an

the hurricane hit Miami last night — der Hurrikan erreichte gestern Abend Miami

the courts will hit drug pushers hard — die Gerichte werden hart gegen Dealer vorgehen

the smell hit me as I entered the room — der Geruch schlug mir entgegen, als ich ins Zimmer kam

he didn't know what had hit him (inf) — er wusste nicht, wie ihm geschah

you won't know what has hit you (inf) — du wirst dein blaues Wunder erleben (inf)

2) (= wound) treffen

he's been hit in the leg —

I've been hit! — ich bin getroffen worden, mich hats erwischt (inf)

3) mark, target treffen

that hit home (fig) — das hat getroffen, das saß (inf)

you've hit it (on the head) (fig) — du hast es (genau) getroffen

4) (= affect adversely) betreffen

the crops were hit by the rain — der Regen hat der Ernte geschadet

to be hard hit by sth — von etw schwer getroffen werden

how will this tax hit you? — wie wird sich diese Steuer auf Sie auswirken?

5) (= achieve, reach) likeness, top C treffen; speed, level, top form etc erreichen

6)

(news, story) to hit the papers — in die Zeitungen kommen

the news hit us/Wall Street like a bombshell — die Nachricht schlug bei uns/in Wall Street wie eine Bombe ein

7)

(= occur to) to hit sb — jdm aufgehen

has it ever hit you how alike they are? — ist dir schon mal aufgefallen, wie ähnlich sie sich sind?

8) (= come to, arrive at) beaches etc erreichen

to hit town (inf) —

we eventually hit the right road — schließlich haben wir den richtigen Weg gefunden or erwischt (inf)

we're going to hit the rush hour — wir geraten or kommen direkt in den Stoßverkehr

the driver hit a patch of ice — der Fahrer geriet auf eine vereiste Stelle

to hit trouble/a problem — auf Schwierigkeiten/ein Problem stoßen

9) (= score) schlagen

to hit a century — hundert Läufe machen

10) (inf: murder) killen (inf), umlegen (inf)

11) (US inf)

to hit sb for 50 dollars — jdn um 50 Dollar anhauen (inf)

12)

(fig inf phrases) to hit the bottle — zur Flasche greifen

to hit the roof — an die Decke or in die Luft gehen (inf)

to hit the deck — sich zu Boden werfen, sich hinwerfen

the vase hit the deck and shattered — die Vase schlug or knallte (inf) auf den Boden und zerschellte

to hit the dance floor —

let's hit the floor — lass uns tanzen

to hit the road — sich auf den Weg or die Socken (inf) machen

in April the candidates will hit the campaign trail — im April werden sich die Kandidaten in den Wahlkampf stürzen

to hit the ground running (person) — sofort alles im Griff haben

3. vi

1) (= strike) schlagen

he hits hard — er schlägt hart zu

2) (= collide) zusammenstoßen

3) (= attack, go in) losschlagen

* * *

hit [hıt]

A s

1. Schlag m, Hieb m

2. auch SPORT und fig Treffer m:

make ( oder score) a hit

a) einen Treffer erzielen,

b) fig gut ankommen ( with bei)

3. Glücksfall m, -treffer m

4. Hit m (Buch, Schlager etc):

it (he) was a big hit es (er) hat groß eingeschlagen

5. a) treffende Bemerkung, guter Einfall

b) Hieb m (at gegen), sarkastische Bemerkung:

that was a hit at me das ging gegen mich

6. TYPO US (Ab)Druck m

7. sl Schuss m (Drogeninjektion):

give o.s. a hit sich einen Schuss setzen oder drücken

8. umg ( von einem hit man ausgeführter) Mord

B v/t prät und pperf hit

1. schlagen, einen Schlag versetzen (dat):

the door hit me in the face ich bekam die Tür ins Gesicht; → hard B 2

2. (auch fig seelisch, finanziell etc) treffen:

he was hit by a bullet (on the head) er wurde von einer Kugel (am Kopf) getroffen;

hit the nail on the head fig den Nagel auf den Kopf treffen;

he’s badly hit ihn hat es schlimm erwischt umg;

hit the ( oder one’s) books US umg büffeln;

hit the bottle umg saufen;

hit it sl sich in die Falle oder Klappe hauen; → brick A 1, ceiling 1, deck A 1, hard B 2, hay¹ A 1, road 1, sack¹ A 6

3. a) AUTO etc jemanden oder etwas anfahren, etwas rammen:

be hit by a car auch von einem Auto erfasst werden;

hit a mine SCHIFF auf eine Mine laufen

b) aufschlagen oder auftreffen auf (akk)

4. hit one’s head against ( oder on) sich den Kopf anschlagen an (dat), mit dem Kopf stoßen gegen

5. hit sb a blow jemandem einen Schlag versetzen

6. besonders fig stoßen oder kommen auf (akk), finden:

hit oil auf Öl stoßen;

hit the right road auf die richtige Straße kommen;

hit the right solution die richtige Lösung finden;

you have hit it! du hast es getroffen!, so ist es!

7. hit sb’s fancy ( oder taste) jemandes Geschmack treffen, jemandem zusagen

8. fig geißeln, scharf kritisieren

9. erreichen, etwas schaffen:

the car hits 100 mph;

prices hit an all-time high die Preise erreichten eine Rekordhöhe; → front page, headline A 1

10. genau treffen oder wiedergeben, treffend nachahmen, überzeugend darstellen oder schildern

11. besonders US umg jemanden anhauen, anpumpen ( beide:

for um)

12. umg ankommen in (dat):

hit town die Stadt erreichen

13. besonders US sl jemanden umlegen (hit man)

C v/i

1. treffen

2. schlagen (at nach):

hit hard einen harten Schlag haben

3. stoßen, schlagen ( beide:

against gegen;

on, upon auf akk)

4. MIL einschlagen (Granate etc)

5. hit (up)on fig → B 6

6. AUTO US umg zünden, laufen:

hit on all four cylinders gut laufen (a. fig)

7. auch hit up sl schießen (Heroin etc spritzen)

* * *
1. transitive verb,
-tt-, hit

1) (strike with blow) schlagen; (strike with missile) treffen; [Geschoss, Ball usw.:] treffen

I've been hit! — (struck by bullet) ich bin getroffen!

I could hit him — (fig. coll.) ich könnte ihm eine runterhauen (ugs.)

hit somebody over the head — jemandem eins überziehen (ugs.)

hit by lightning — vom Blitz getroffen

2) (come forcibly into contact with) [Fahrzeug:] prallen gegen [Mauer usw.]; [Schiff:] laufen gegen [Felsen usw.]

the aircraft hit the ground — das Flugzeug schlug auf den Boden auf

hit the roof or ceiling — (fig. coll.): (become angry) an die Decke od. in die Luft gehen (ugs.)

3) (cause to come into contact) [an]stoßen; [an]schlagen

hit one's head on something — mit dem Kopf gegen etwas stoßen; sich (Dat.) den Kopf an etwas (Dat.) stoßen

4) (fig.): (cause to suffer)

hit badly or hard — schwer treffen

5) (fig.): (affect) treffen

have been hit by frost/rain — etc. durch Frost/Regen usw. gelitten haben

6) (fig.): (light upon) finden; stoßen od. treffen auf (+ Akk.); finden [Bodenschätze]

7) (fig. coll.): (arrive at) erreichen [Höchstform, bestimmten Ort, bestimmte Höhe, bestimmtes Alter usw.]

I think we've hit a snag — ich glaube, jetzt gibt's Probleme

hit town — ankommen; see also all-time

8) (fig. coll.): (indulge in) zuschlagen bei (+ Dat.) (salopp)

[begin to] hit the bottle — das Trinken anfangen

9) (Cricket) erzielen [Lauf]

hit the ball for six — (Brit.) sechs Läufe auf einmal erzielen

hit somebody for six — (fig.) jemanden übertrumpfen
2. intransitive verb,
-tt-, hit

1) (direct a blow) schlagen

hit hard — fest od. hart zuschlagen

hit at somebody/something — auf jemanden/etwas einschlagen

hit and run — [Autofahrer:] Fahrer- od. Unfallflucht begehen; [Angreifer:] einen Blitzüberfall machen

2) (come into forcible contact)

hit against or upon something — gegen od. auf etwas (Akk.) stoßen
3. noun
1) (blow) Schlag, der

2) (shot or bomb striking target) Treffer, der

3) (success) Erfolg, der; Knüller, der (ugs.); (success in entertainment) Schlager, der; Hit, der (ugs.)

make a hit — gut ankommen

Phrasal Verbs:

- hit back

- hit off

- hit out

- hit upon

* * *

n.

Hieb -e m.

Hit -s m.

Stoß ¨-e m.

Treffer - m. v.

(§ p.,p.p.: hit)

= anschlagen v.

aufschlagen v.

schlagen v.

(§ p.,pp.: schlug, geschlagen)

treffen v.

(§ p.,pp.: traf, getroffen)

English-german dictionary > hit
7 opus

1. n лат. произведение

magnum opus — крупное литературное произведение

2. n лат. пренебр. опус

Синонимический ряд:

1. musical composition (noun) composition; creation; literature; music; musical composition; piece; production; work

2. volume (noun) publication; title; volume

English-Russian base dictionary > opus
8 director

сущ.

1) упр. директор, член правления [совета директоров\] (лицо, уполномоченное собственниками компании на управление компанией)

Each Federal Reserve Bank has nine directors. — В совет директоров любого банка Федеральной резервной системы входят девять директоров.

See:

acting director, administrative director, alternate director, alternative director, assistant director, associate director 1), codirector, co-director, deputy director, director general, dummy directors, executive director, figurehead directors, inside director, interlocking director, managing director, member-nominated director, nominee director, non-employee director, non-executive director, outside director, representative director, shadow director, worker director, board of directors, directors disqualification, directors' emoluments, directors' fee, director's interest, directors' interests, director's office, directors' remuneration, directors' report, report of the directors, rotation of directors, Directors Law Reporter, Institute of Directors

2)

а) упр. директор, глава, руководитель (возглавляет какие-л. программу, проект, организацию или ее отдел)

director of studies — руководитель научных исследований

He was appointed director of charity. — Он был назначен директором благотворительной организации.

Syn:

chief, boss, head, superintendent, principal

See:

account director, advertising director, assurance product director, brewing director, budget director, communications director, consumer research director, curriculum director, design director 1), director of capital gifts, director of career planning and placement, director of career resources, director of insurance, director of major gifts, director of operations, director of placement, director of public relations, director of research, director of research and development, director of studies, director of technology, district director, employee director, financial director, fundraising director, funds development director, industrial relations director, market research director, marketing research director, media director, media marketing director, membership director, merchandise director, personnel director, procurement services director, production director 1), project director, public relations director, publicity director, purchasing director, quality assurance director, research director, sales director, security director, senior director, service director, technical director, transportation director, underwriter sales director, underwriter solicitation director

б) гос. упр. = chief officer 1),

Director of Education — начальник отдела образования

Director of Housing — начальник отдела жилищного строительства

Director of Social Services — начальник отдела социального обслуживания

See:

Director of Public Prosecutions, district director

3) СМИ режиссер(-постановщик) (отвечает за художественное содержание представления, фильма, телевизионной передачи и т. п.; руководит актерской работой)

film director — режиссер картины [фильма\]

director of photography — главный оператор

See:

art director, associate director 2), creative director, design director 2), production director 2), producer 2)

4) иск., амер. дирижер

Syn:

conductor

musical director

5) тех. направляющее устройство

See:

directional 3)

* * *
директор: лицо, уполномоченное акционерами управлять компанией, член совета директоров; директора бывают исполнительные и неисполнительные, т. е. участвующие только в работе совета директоров; совет директоров утверждает годовой отчет компании и рекомендует собранию акционеров размер дивиденда.
* * *

директор; заведующий отделом
. . Словарь экономических терминов .
* * *

Менеджмент

директор

лицо, назначенное осуществлять повседневное (текущее) управление компанией

Англо-русский экономический словарь > director
9 straight

1. adjective
1) gerade; aufrecht [Haltung]; glatt [Haar]

in a straight line — in gerader Linie

2) (not having been bent) ausgestreckt [Arm, Bein]; durchgedrückt [Knie]

3) (not misshapen) gerade [Bein]

4) (Fashion) gerade geschnitten

5) (undiluted, unmodified) unvermischt

have or drink whisky/gin straight — Whisky/Gin pur trinken

a straight choice — eine klare Wahl

6) (successive) fortlaufend

win in straight sets — (Tennis) ohne Satzverlust gewinnen

the team had ten straight wins — die Mannschaft hat zehn Spiele hintereinander gewonnen

straight As — (Amer.) lauter Einsen

7) (undeviating) direkt [Blick, Schlag, Schuss, Pass, Ball, Weg]

8) (candid) geradlinig [Person]; ehrlich [Antwort]; klar [Abfuhr, Weigerung, Verurteilung]; unmissverständlich [Rat]

straight dealings/speaking — direkte Verhandlungen/unverblümte Sprache

a straight answer to a straight question — eine klare Antwort auf eine klare Frage

he did some straight talking with her — er sprach sich mit ihr offen aus

be straight with somebody — zu jemandem offen sein

9) (Theatre) ernst; (not avant-garde) konventionell

10) (in good order, not askew)

the accounts are straight — die Bücher sind in Ordnung

the picture is straight — das Bild hängt gerade

is my hair/tie straight? — sitzt meine Frisur/Krawatte [richtig]?

is my hat [on] straight? — sitzt mein Hut [richtig]?

put straight — geradeziehen [Krawatte]; gerade aufsetzen [Hut]; gerade hängen [Bild]; aufräumen [Zimmer, Sachen]; richtig stellen [Fehler, Missverständnis]

put things straight — alles in Ordnung bringen

put things straight with somebody — mit jemandem alles klären

get something straight — (fig.) etwas genau od. richtig verstehen

let's get it or things or the facts straight — wir sollten alles genau klären

get this straight! — merk dir das [ein für allemal]!

put somebody straight — jemanden aufklären

put or set the record straight — die Sache od. das richtig stellen
2. adverb
1) (in a straight line) gerade

she came straight at me — sie kam geradewegs auf mich zu

straight opposite — genau gegenüber

head straight for the wall — genau auf die Mauer zusteuern

go straight — (fig.): (give up crime) ein bürgerliches Leben führen

2) (directly) geradewegs

straight after — sofort nach

come straight to the point — direkt od. gleich zur Sache kommen

look somebody straight in the eye — jemandem direkt in die Augen blicken

straight ahead or on — immer geradeaus

they went straight ahead and did it — sie taten es sofort

3) (honestly, frankly) aufrichtig

give it to me straight — sei ganz offen zu mir!

he came straight out with it — er sagte es ohne Umschweife

I told him straight [out] that... — ich sagte [es] ihm ins Gesicht, dass...

play straight with somebody — mit jemandem ein ehrliches Spiel spielen

4) (upright) gerade [sitzen, stehen, wachsen]

5) (accurately) zielsicher

he can't shoot [very] straight — er ist nicht [sehr] zielsicher

6) (clearly) klar [sehen, denken]
3. noun
(straight stretch) gerade Strecke; (Sport) Gerade, die

final or home or finishing straight — (Sport; also fig.) Zielgerade, die

* * *
[streit] 1. adjective
1) (not bent or curved: a straight line; straight (= not curly) hair; That line is not straight.) gerade, glatt

2) ((of a person, his behaviour etc) honest, frank and direct: Give me a straight answer!) ehrlich

3) (properly or levelly positioned: Your tie isn't straight.) ordentlich

4) (correct and tidy: I'll never get this house straight!; Now let's get the facts straight!) ordentlich

5) ((of drinks) not mixed: a straight gin.) pur

6) ((of a face, expression etc) not smiling or laughing: You should keep a straight face while you tell a joke.) nicht verzogen

7) ((of an actor) playing normal characters, or (of a play) of the ordinary type - not a musical or variety show.) konventionell
2. adverb
1) (in a straight, not curved, line; directly: His route went straight across the desert; She can't steer straight; Keep straight on.) gerade(wegs)

2) (immediately, without any delay: He went straight home after the meeting.) direkt

3) (honestly or fairly: You're not playing (= behaving) straight.) anständig
3. noun
(the straight part of something, eg of a racecourse: He's in the final straight.) die Gerade

- academic.ru/71096/straighten">straighten
- straightness
- straightforward
- straightforwardly
- straightforwardness
- straight talking
- go straight
- straight away
- straighten out/up
- a straight fight
- straight off
* * *

straight

[streɪt]

I. n

1. (race track) Gerade f

in the finishing [or home] \straight in der Zielgeraden

2. CARDS Sequenz f; (in poker) Straight m

3.

▶ stay on [or keep to] the \straight and narrow ( saying) bleibe im Lande und nähre dich redlich prov

II. adj

1. (without curve) gerade; back, nose gerade; hair glatt; skirt gerade geschnitten; line gerade; road, row, furrow [schnur]gerade

is my tie \straight? sitzt mein Schlips richtig?

the picture isn't \straight das Bild hängt schief

he landed a \straight punch to the face sein Hieb landete geradewegs im Gesicht

as \straight as a die [or AM pin] (of posture) kerzengerade; (honest) grundehrlich, absolut ehrlich

2. (frank) advice, denial, refusal offen, freimütig; (honest) ehrlich

I think we better do a bit of \straight talking ich finde, wir sollten einmal ganz offen miteinander reden

▪ to be \straight with sb aufrichtig [o ehrlich] mit jdm sein

a \straight answer eine offene [und ehrliche] Antwort

to do \straight dealings with sb mit jdm offen und ehrlich verhandeln

to go \straight ( fam) keine krummen Sachen machen fam, sich dat nichts zuschulden kommen lassen

3. inv ( fam: conventional) brav pej

he looks pretty \straight wearing a tie mit Krawatte sieht er ziemlich spießig aus

4. (heterosexual) heterosexuell, hetero fam

5. (plain) einfach; (undiluted) pur

\straight gin/Scotch Gin m/Scotch m pur

vodka \straight Wodka m pur

6. (simply factual) tatsachengetreu, nur auf Fakten basierend attr

\straight reporting objektive Berichterstattung

7. (clear, uncomplicated) klar

well done, Tim, that was \straight thinking gut gemacht, Tim, da hast du wirklich scharf überlegt

just give me a \straight yes or no sag doch ganz einfach ja oder nein!

we both liked each other's jumpers, so we did a \straight swap uns gefiel jeweils der Pullover des anderen und da haben wir einfach getauscht

\straight answer eindeutige Antwort; (in exams)

\straight A's glatte Einser

he's a \straight A candidate er ist ein Einserkandidat

8. attr, inv (consecutive) aufeinanderfolgend, in Folge nach n

the team has won ten \straight games this season das Team hat in dieser Saison zehn Spiele hintereinander gewonnen

\straight flush CARDS Straight[flush] m

the \straight line of succession to the throne die Thronfolge in direkter Linie

to win/lose in \straight sets TENNIS mehrere Sätze hintereinander gewinnen/verlieren

9. ( fam: serious) ernst[haft]; (not laughing) ernst; (traditional) traditionell, konventionell

there's a lot of \straight theatre at the festival beim Festival wird viel Althergebrachtes geboten

to keep a \straight face [or one's face \straight] ernst bleiben

to make [or put on] a \straight face ein ernstes Gesicht machen, eine ernste Miene aufsetzen

\straight actor/actress THEAT Schauspieler/Schauspielerin des ernsten Fachs

\straight production [or play] ernstes Stück

10. pred ( fam: quits)

▪ to be \straight quitt sein fam

11. ( fam: no drugs or alcohol) sauber, clean sl

‘Getting S\straight’ programme [or AM program] Entziehungskur f

12. pred (in order) in Ordnung; (clarified) geklärt

to put things \straight (tidy) Ordnung schaffen; (organize) etwas auf die Reihe kriegen fam, ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ a. etwas schaffen

let's get this \straight, you need £500 tomorrow or else... stellen wir einmal klar: entweder du hast bis morgen 500 Pfund, oder...

and get this \straight, I'm not lending you any more money damit das klar ist: ich leihe dir keine müde Mark mehr

to put [or set] sb \straight about sth jdm Klarheit über etw akk verschaffen

III. adv

1. (in a line) gerade[aus]

go \straight along this road folgen Sie immer dieser Straße

he drove \straight into the tree er fuhr frontal gegen den Baum

the village lay \straight ahead of us das Dorf lag genau vor uns

after a couple of gins, I was having difficulty walking \straight nach ein paar Gins konnte ich kaum noch gerade gehen

the dog seemed to be coming \straight at me der Hund schien direkt auf mich zuzukommen

the arrow went \straight through the canvas der Pfeil ging glatt durch die Leinwand

she told me to go \straight ahead with designing the dress sie befahl mir, auf der Stelle mit dem Entwerfen des Kleides anzufangen

to look \straight ahead geradeaus schauen

2. inv (directly) direkt fam

shall we go \straight to the party or stop off at a pub first? sollen wir gleich zur Party fahren oder schauen wir zuerst in einer Kneipe vorbei?

to look sb \straight in the eye jdm direkt in die Augen sehen [o ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ schauen

3. inv (immediately) sofort

I got home and went \straight to bed ich kam nach Hause und ging sofort schlafen

we've got to leave \straight away wir müssen unverzüglich aufbrechen

she said \straight off [or away] that she had no time on Friday sie sagte von vornherein, dass sie am Freitag keine Zeit habe

to get \straight to the point sofort [o ohne Umschweife] zur Sache kommen

4. ( fam: honestly) offen [und ehrlich]

tell me \straight, would you rather we didn't go out tonight? nun sag mal ganz ehrlich, wäre es dir lieber, wenn wir heute Abend nicht weggingen?

I told him \straight that I didn't like his tie ich sagte ihm geradeheraus, dass mir seine Krawatte nicht gefiele

\straight up, I only paid £20 for the fridge für den Kühlschrank habe ich echt nur 20 Pfund bezahlt

5. (clearly) klar

after five glasses of wine I couldn't see \straight nach fünf Gläsern Wein konnte ich nicht mehr richtig sehen

I'm so tired I can't think \straight any more ich bin so müde, dass ich nicht mehr klar denken kann

* * *
[streɪt]
1. adj (+er)

1) gerade; shot, pass direkt; stance, posture aufrecht; hair glatt; skirt, trousers gerade geschnitten

your tie isn't straight — deine Krawatte sitzt schief

the picture isn't straight —

your hem isn't straight — dein Saum ist nicht gerade

to pull sth straight — etw gerade ziehen

is my hat on straight? — sitzt mein Hut gerade?

please put the picture straight —

hold yourself straight — gerade!

as straight as a die (Brit) — kerzengerade; road schnurgerade

to keep a straight face, to keep one's face straight — ernst bleiben, das Gesicht nicht verziehen

with a straight face — ohne die Miene zu verziehen

straight left/right (Boxing) — gerade Linke/Rechte

2) (= clear) thinking klar

to get things straight in one's mind — sich (dat) der Dinge klar werden

3) (= frank) answer, talking, question offen, direkt; piece of advice offen, ehrlich; denial, refusal direkt, ohne Umschweife; (= honest) person, dealings ehrlich

to be straight with sb — offen und ehrlich zu jdm sein

to keep sb straight — dafür sorgen, dass jd ehrlich bleibt or nicht auf die schiefe Bahn gerät (inf)

to play a straight bat ( Brit fig ) — ein faires Spiel spielen

straight arrow ( US inf ) — biederer Mensch

4) (= plain, straightforward) drink pur; (POL) fight direkt; yes or no, choice, exam pass einfach

straight A's — glatte Einsen pl

she's a straight A student — sie hat alles Einsen

to vote the straight ticket ( US Pol ) — seine Stimme einer einzigen Partei (dat) geben

he's a straight Democrat — er ist ein hundertprozentiger Demokrat

to have a straight choice between... — nur die Wahl zwischen... haben

5) (= continuous) ununterbrochen

for the third straight day (US) —

the straight line of succession to the throne — die Thronfolge in der direkten Linie

our team had ten straight wins — unsere Mannschaft gewann zehnmal hintereinander or in ununterbrochener Folge

in straight sets/games (win) — ohne Satz-/Spielverlust; (lose) ohne Satz-/Spielgewinn, in aufeinanderfolgenden Sätzen/Spielen

6) (THEAT) production konventionell; actor ernsthaft

a straight play — ein reines Drama

7) pred (in order) house, room ordentlich; paperwork in Ordnung

to be ( all) straight — in Ordnung sein; ( fig

now we're straight — jetzt haben wir die Sache geklärt

let's get this straight — das wollen wir mal klarstellen

and get this straight — und damit wir uns richtig verstehen

to put or set sb straight about sth — jdm etw klarmachen

if I give you a fiver, then we'll be straight (inf) — wenn ich dir einen Fünfer gebe, sind wir quitt

8) (inf: heterosexual) hetero (inf); (= conventional) etabliert, spießig (pej)

9) (DRUGS inf) clean (inf)

I've been straight for three years now — ich bin jetzt seit drei Jahren clean (inf)

2. adv

1) hold, walk, fly, shoot, grow gerade; sit up, stand up aufrecht, gerade; hit genau; leap at, aim for direkt; above genau, direkt; across direkt

straight through sth — glatt durch etw

he came straight at me — er kam direkt or geradewegs auf mich zu

it went straight up in the air — es flog senkrecht in die Luft

to look straight ahead —

the town lay straight ahead of us — die Stadt lag direkt or genau vor uns

the airport is straight ahead —

go straight ahead with your plan — führen Sie Ihren Plan wie vorgesehen durch

to drive straight on — geradeaus weiterfahren

he drove straight into a tree — er fuhr direkt or voll (inf) gegen einen Baum

the arrow went straight to the target — der Pfeil traf genau ins Ziel

to go straight (criminal) — keine krummen Sachen (mehr) machen (inf)

2) (= directly) direkt

I went straight home — ich ging direkt or sofort nach Hause

to look sb straight in the eye — jdm direkt or genau in die Augen sehen

3) (= immediately) sofort

straight after this — sofort or unmittelbar danach

straight away or off —

he said straight off that... — er sagte ohne Umschweife or sofort, dass...

to come straight to the point — sofort or gleich zur Sache kommen

4) (= clearly) think, see klar

5) (= frankly) offen, rundheraus, ohne Umschweife

I'll give it to you straight, you're fired — ich sage es Ihnen rundheraus or ohne Umschweife, Sie sind entlassen

straight out (inf) — unverblümt (inf), rundheraus

to give or tell sb sth/it straight from the shoulder —

straight up, I got fifty quid for it (inf) — echt, ich habe fünfzig Pfund dafür gekriegt (inf)

I got fifty quid for it – straight up? (inf) — ich habe fünfzig Pfund dafür gekriegt – echt? (inf)

6) (THEAT) play, produce konventionell

7) drink pur

3. n

1) (= straight part) (on race track) Gerade f; (on road, RAIL) gerade Strecke

the final straight — die Zielgerade

in the straight — auf der Geraden

the straight and narrow — der Pfad der Tugend

to keep sb on the straight and narrow — dafür sorgen, dass jd ehrlich bleibt or nicht auf die schiefe Bahn gerät

to stay on or keep to the straight and narrow — auf dem Pfad der Tugend bleiben

2) (= straight line) Gerade f

to cut sth on the straight — etw gerade ( ab)schneiden; cloth etw am Faden(lauf) entlang schneiden

3) (inf: heterosexual) Hetero m (inf)

* * *

straight [streıt]

A adj (adv straightly)

1. gerade (Beine etc):

straight hair glattes Haar;

straight line gerade Linie, MATH Gerade f;

keep the car in a straight line die Spur halten;

keep a straight face das Gesicht nicht verziehen, engS. ernst bleiben;

put straight ein Bild etc gerade hängen; → stand up A 1 b

2. a straight left (right) (Boxen) eine linke (rechte) Gerade;

in straight sets (Tennis etc) ohne Satzverlust;

his third straight win SPORT sein dritter Sieg in (ununterbrochener Reihen)Folge

3. in Ordnung, ordentlich:

put straight in Ordnung bringen;

put things straight Ordnung schaffen;

put a few things straight einige Dinge klarstellen;

set sb straight jemandem einen Zahn ziehen umg;

set sb straight on ( oder about) jemandes Meinung über (akk) richtigstellen

4. a) offen, ehrlich

b) ehrlich, reell (Geschäftsmann etc): → die² 1

5. anständig (Leben etc)

6. umg zuverlässig, sicher (Tipp etc)

7. geradlinig, folgerichtig (Denken etc)

8. POL US hundertprozentig (Republikaner etc)

9. pur:

drink one’s whisky straight

10. a) THEAT konventionell (Stück)

b) THEAT effektlos (Spiel)

c) gewöhnlich, normal (Roman etc)

11. WIRTSCH US mit festem Preis, ohne Mengenrabatt

12. AUTO, TECH Reihen…:

straight engine

13. umg quitt:

we’re straight

14. sl spießig

15. sl

a) hetero (heterosexuell)

b) clean, sauber (nicht mehr drogenabhängig)

B adv

1. gerade(aus):

go straight on

2. richtig:

he does not see straight;

I can’t think straight ich kann nicht (mehr) klar denken;

get sb straight sl jemanden richtig verstehen

3. direkt, gerade, gerade(s)wegs, unmittelbar:

he comes straight from London; → horse A 1, shoulder A 1

4. oft straight out rundheraus, klipp und klar:

she told him straight out what she thought of him

5. umg go straight keine krummen Sachen mehr machen;

play it straight

a) es ernst meinen,

b) kein Blatt vor den Mund nehmen;

play it straight with me

a) nur heraus mit der Wahrheit!,

b) mir gegenüber brauchst du kein Blatt vor den Mund zu nehmen

6. straight away ( oder off) sofort, auf der Stelle, gleich

7. ohne Eis (Cocktail)

8. straight up? Br umg echt?, ehrlich?

C s

1. Geradheit f:

out of the straight krumm, schief

2. SPORT (Gegen-, Ziel) Gerade f

3. SPORT (Erfolgs-, Treffer- etc) Serie f

4. Poker: Straight m (Folge von 5 Karten beliebiger Farbe)

5. fig be on ( oder keep to) the straight and narrow auf dem Pfad der Tugend wandeln;

go off ( oder stray from) the straight and narrow auf die schiefe Bahn geraten

6. sl Spießer(in)

7. sl

a) Hetero m

b) jemand, der clean ist

* * *
1. adjective
1) gerade; aufrecht [Haltung]; glatt [Haar]

in a straight line — in gerader Linie

2) (not having been bent) ausgestreckt [Arm, Bein]; durchgedrückt [Knie]

3) (not misshapen) gerade [Bein]

4) (Fashion) gerade geschnitten

5) (undiluted, unmodified) unvermischt

have or drink whisky/gin straight — Whisky/Gin pur trinken

a straight choice — eine klare Wahl

6) (successive) fortlaufend

win in straight sets — (Tennis) ohne Satzverlust gewinnen

the team had ten straight wins — die Mannschaft hat zehn Spiele hintereinander gewonnen

straight As — (Amer.) lauter Einsen

7) (undeviating) direkt [Blick, Schlag, Schuss, Pass, Ball, Weg]

8) (candid) geradlinig [Person]; ehrlich [Antwort]; klar [Abfuhr, Weigerung, Verurteilung]; unmissverständlich [Rat]

straight dealings/speaking — direkte Verhandlungen/unverblümte Sprache

a straight answer to a straight question — eine klare Antwort auf eine klare Frage

he did some straight talking with her — er sprach sich mit ihr offen aus

be straight with somebody — zu jemandem offen sein

9) (Theatre) ernst; (not avant-garde) konventionell

10) (in good order, not askew)

the accounts are straight — die Bücher sind in Ordnung

the picture is straight — das Bild hängt gerade

is my hair/tie straight? — sitzt meine Frisur/Krawatte [richtig]?

is my hat [on] straight? — sitzt mein Hut [richtig]?

put straight — geradeziehen [Krawatte]; gerade aufsetzen [Hut]; gerade hängen [Bild]; aufräumen [Zimmer, Sachen]; richtig stellen [Fehler, Missverständnis]

put things straight — alles in Ordnung bringen

put things straight with somebody — mit jemandem alles klären

get something straight — (fig.) etwas genau od. richtig verstehen

let's get it or things or the facts straight — wir sollten alles genau klären

get this straight! — merk dir das [ein für allemal]!

put somebody straight — jemanden aufklären

put or set the record straight — die Sache od. das richtig stellen
2. adverb
1) (in a straight line) gerade

she came straight at me — sie kam geradewegs auf mich zu

straight opposite — genau gegenüber

head straight for the wall — genau auf die Mauer zusteuern

go straight — (fig.): (give up crime) ein bürgerliches Leben führen

2) (directly) geradewegs

straight after — sofort nach

come straight to the point — direkt od. gleich zur Sache kommen

look somebody straight in the eye — jemandem direkt in die Augen blicken

straight ahead or on — immer geradeaus

they went straight ahead and did it — sie taten es sofort

3) (honestly, frankly) aufrichtig

give it to me straight — sei ganz offen zu mir!

he came straight out with it — er sagte es ohne Umschweife

I told him straight [out] that... — ich sagte [es] ihm ins Gesicht, dass...

play straight with somebody — mit jemandem ein ehrliches Spiel spielen

4) (upright) gerade [sitzen, stehen, wachsen]

5) (accurately) zielsicher

he can't shoot [very] straight — er ist nicht [sehr] zielsicher

6) (clearly) klar [sehen, denken]
3. noun
(straight stretch) gerade Strecke; (Sport) Gerade, die

final or home or finishing straight — (Sport; also fig.) Zielgerade, die

* * *

adj.

direkt adj.

gerade adj.

geradewegs adj.

rein adj.

unmittelbar adj.

unverfälscht adj.

English-german dictionary > straight
10 scale

1. n чаша весов

to turn the scale at — весить

he tips the scales at 225 pounds — он весит 225 фунтов

to tip the scale — перевесить, склонить чашу весов

scale approach table — подводящий рольганг весов

scale roll table — весовой рольганг

trip scale — весы с двумя чашами

scale beam — коромысло весов

2. n платформа весов

scale pan — чашка весов

scale floor — весовой этаж

scale hopper — весовой ковш

scale house — весовая будка

3. n обыкн. весы

kitchen scale — кухонные весы

scale car — вагон-весы

digital scale — весы с цифровым отсчетом; цифровые весы

personal spring scale — пружинные весы для людей

dormant scale — платформенные утапливаемые весы

platform weighing scale — платформенные весы

travelling scale — передвижные весы

4. n весы для взвешивания жокеев

Clerk of the Scales — служащий, взвешивающий жокеев перед скачками

platform scale — платформенные весы

railway truck scale — вагонные весы

scale flume — желоб для уборки окалины

scale bucket — короб для уборки окалины

scale settling tank — отстойник для окалины

5. n поэт. Весы

to be in the scale — быть нерешённым

his fate hangs in the scale — его судьба ещё не решена

victory was long in the scale — долгое время трудно было сказать, кто победит

load scale — весы

hopper scale — бункерные весы

scale feeder — весы -питатель

receiving scale — приемные весы

trolley scale — передвижные весы

6. v весить, иметь вес

to scale six pounds — весить шесть фунтов

personal scale with sliding weights — шкальные весы для людей

7. v взвешивать

8. v взвешиваться

9. n чешуйка

10. n собир. чешуя

to scrape off scale — счищать шелуху

read the scale — определять возраст рыбы по состоянию чешуи

easily rubbing-off scale — легко снимающаяся чешуя

firmly attached scale — крепко держащаяся чешуя

cycloid scale — циклоидная чешуя

ctenoid scale — ктеноидная чешуя

11. n накипь; осадок

scale solvent — растворитель накипи

scale hammer — молоток для очистки от накипи

evaporator scale — накипь на стенках выпарного аппарата

scale producing water — жесткая вода, образующая накипь

12. n тех. окалина

scale breaking — ломка окалины

fish scale — чешуйчатая окалина

scale handling — уборка окалины

scale losses — потери на окалину

scale removal — удаление окалины

13. n зубной камень

14. n тонкая металлическая пластинка

the scales of armour — панцирные пластинки

15. n щёчки, накладки

16. n редк. погон

17. n хим. неочищенный парафин

crude scale — сырой парафин

paraffin scale — сырой парафин

paraffin scale wax — сырой парафин

18. n энт. червец, щитовка, тля

19. v очищать, чистить; снимать

to scale fish — чистить рыбу

to photograph to half scale — снимать в масштабе 1:2

20. v лущить

21. v соскабливать, счищать

to scale a boiler — чистить котёл, снимать накипь с котла

22. v снимать окалину

iron scale — кузнечная окалина

mill scale — прокатная окалина

roll scale — прокатная окалина

scale knocking — сбивание окалины

scale sump — отстойник для окалины

23. v редк. прочищать орудие

24. v лупиться, шелушиться

the skin scales after scarlet fever — после скарлатины кожа шелушится

25. v покрывать накипью; образовывать осадок; покрывать слоем

London smoke has scaled the stones of its buildings — лондонские дома покрыты копотью от дыма

scale deposit — слой накипи

scale crust — слой накипи

26. v покрываться накипью, осадком, слоем; образовывать окалину

the stone which has scaled with time — замшелый от времени камень

heavy scale formation — образование толстой окалины

rolled-in scale — закатанная окалина

furnace scale — печная окалина

scale jacket — корка окалины

loose scale — рыхлая окалина

27. v диал. разбрасывать, распространять

28. n масштаб

a small scale map — карта мелкого масштаба

distance scale — линейный масштаб

the scale of a drawing — масштаб чертежа

scale rate — масштаб

in scale — в масштабе

in scale — в масштабе

map scale — масштаб карты

big scale — большой масштаб

29. n соотношение, масштаб

drawing to scale — черчение в масштабе

scale economy — экономия за счет роста масштаба производства

scale of investment — размер капвложений; масштабы вложений

expanded saturation scale — растянутый масштаб насыщенности

scale conversion kit — комплект преобразования масштаба

plotting scale — масштаб чертежа; масштабная линейка

30. n размер, охват; размах

on a large scale — в большом масштабе

scale of living — уровень жизни

to live on a grand scale — жить на широкую ногу

external diseconomy of scale — отрицательный экономический эффект, обусловленный увеличением размеров фирм и масштабов деятельности

31. n шкала, градуировка

Fahrenheit scale — шкала Фаренгейта

the scale of a thermometer — шкала термометра

a scale of inches — дюймовая шкала

the scale on this ruler is in both centimetres and inches — деления на этой линейке и в сантиметрах и в дюймах

absolute temperature scale — абсолютная температурная шкала

Kelvin scale — шкала абсолютной температуры, шкала Кельвина

corrosion-resistance scale — шкала коррозионной стойкости

binary scale — двоичная шкала; двоичная система счисления

Douglas sea and swell scale — шкала степени волнения моря

32. n градация; шкала, такса

scale of wages — шкала заработной платы

scale of hardness — шкала твёрдости

scale of slopes — шкала заложений

scale of age — возрастные группы

scale of payments — шкала ставок оплаты ; шкала заработной платы

tonnage scale — шкала вместимости

mass scale — шкала масс

scale zero — нуль шкалы

sieve scale — шкала сит

Baume scale — шкала Боме

Baume' scale — шкала Боме

33. n психол. серия тестов для проверки способностей или успехов учащихся

scale dough — делить тесто

etching scale — эталонная шкала для травления

34. n муз. гамма

diatonic scale — диатоническая гамма

the scale of F — гамма фа мажор

diatonic scale — диатоническая гамма

whole-tone scale — целотонная гамма

ascending scale — восходящая гамма

musical scale — музыкальная гамма

minor scale — минорная гамма

35. n гамма цветов

a scale of colours — цветовая гамма

Munsell value scale — шкала цветовых тонов Мансела

scale of colours — цветовая шкала

chromatic scale — цветовая шкала

36. n уровень, ступень; положение, место

to be high in the scale of civilization — стоять на высокой ступени цивилизации

to be at the top of the scale — стоять на высшей ступени

the scale of animal life — период животной жизни

as we rise in the zoological scale … — по мере того, как человек поднимался по ступеням зоологической лестницы …

small scale integration — схемы с малым уровнем интеграции

large scale integration — интеграция высокого уровня

very large scale — сверхвысокий уровень

degree of the scale — ступень звукоряда

sone scale — шкала уровней громкости

37. n уст. лестница; ступени лестницы

scale tone — ступень

scale step — ступень звукоряда

scale degree — ступень звукоряда

38. n масштабная линейка

scale error — масштабная ошибка

scale model — масштабная модель

glass scale — стеклянная линейка

drawing scale — масштабная линейка

measuring scale — масштабная линейка

39. n мат. система счисления

decimal scale — шкала в десятичном счислении

scale of notation — система обозначений

radix scale — позиционная система счисления

small scale system — малогабаритная система

two scale — двоичная шкала; двоичная система счисления

40. v изображать в определённом масштабе

to scale a building — вычертить здание в масштабе

bar scale — линейный масштаб

depth scale — масштаб глубин

small scale — мелкий масштаб

vast scale — крупный масштаб

large scale — крупный масштаб

41. v вычислить или определить по масштабу

to scale a map — определять расстояние по карте

local scale — частный масштаб

scale line — линейный масштаб

scale of prices — масштаб цен

scale down — уменьшать масштаб

scale effect — эффект масштаба

42. v сводить к общим масштабам, к одному масштабу

commercial scale — промышленный масштаб

grid scale — масштаб по сетке координат

knee scale — равновесие на одном колене

laboratory scale — лабораторный масштаб

on a national scale — в масштабе страны

43. v быть соизмеримым, сопоставимым, иметь общий масштаб

relative scale — относительный масштаб

scale of height — вертикальный масштаб

on a small scale — в небольшом масштабе

on a smaller scale — в меньшем масштабе

scale of reduction — масштаб уменьшения

44. v градуировать, наносить деления

scale mark — деление шкалы

scale spacing — деление шкалы

scale division — деление шкалы

scale interval — цена деления шкалы

scale graduation value — цена деления шкалы

45. v вычислять размах, охват; регулировать объём

a production schedule scaled to actual need — производственный график, составленный с учётом практических потребностей

to scale up wages — повышать зарплату

to scale up armaments — наращивать вооружения

to scale up production — расширять производство

to scale smth. down — постепенно сокращать

46. v подниматься, взбираться

to scale a castle wall — взобраться по стене замка, взять замок штурмом

47. v перелезать

Синонимический ряд:

1. balance (noun) balance; steelyard; trebuchet

2. covering (noun) coating; covering; crust; dander; film; flake; incrustation; layer; plate; scurf

3. degree (noun) degree; proportion; rate; ratio

4. gradation (noun) clef; degrees; diapason; gamut; gradation; key; progression; range; series; spectrum; steps

5. ascend (verb) ascend; climb; escalade; escalate; go up; mount; progress; surmount; upclimb; upgo

6. measure (verb) balance; compare; compute; gauge; measure; size; weigh

7. peel (verb) decorticate; delaminate; desquamate; excorticate; exfoliate; flake; flake off; peel; skin; strip

English-Russian base dictionary > scale
11 show

1. n показ, демонстрация

a show of force — демонстрация силы

show fff modify procedure — демонстрация изменение протокола

film show — демонстрация кинофильмов

show state — состояние показа

2. n выставка

flower show — выставка цветов

fashions show — демонстрация мод

wild beast show — зверинец

travelling show — бродячий зверинец; бродячий цирк, балаган

dog show — выставка собак

show plan — план выставки

coin show — выставка монет

air show — авиационная выставка

auto show — автомобильная выставка

3. n пышная процессия

4. n разг. зрелище, спектакль, представление

fairy show — феерия

the show was a sock — спектакль прошёл с огромным успехом

ice show — эстрадное представление на льду; балет на льду

order to show cause — приказ о представлении обоснования

variety-comedy show — эстрадно-комедийное представление

girlie show — представление с обнажёнными танцовщицами

5. n шоу, эстрадное представление

floor show — шоу в ресторане

dog and pony show — хорошо поставленное представление

cabaret show — эстрадное представление в ресторане

a sock show — шоу, пользующееся огромным успехом

nonstop show — безостановочное представление

top-rated show — наиболее популярное шоу

6. n тлв. радио, передача

a popular programme was pre-empted by a news show — вместо популярной передачи показали выпуск новостей

7. n киносеанс

8. n спорт. выступление

canned show — записанное выступление

comedy show — выступление артиста - комика

to gag a show — вставить в выступление шутки, остроты

9. n авиационный праздник; показательные полёты

10. n разг. вечер, приём, банкет, торжество

to do a show — присутствовать на вечере

11. n картина, вид, зрелище

beautiful show — красивый вид

participational show — зрелище с участием публики

12. n жалкое зрелище, нелепая картина

13. n книжн. внешний вид; видимость

the show of things — внешний вид вещей

in show — по виду

for show — для видимости, для виду

a show of justice — видимость справедливости

nothing but show — одна видимость

to make show — делать вид

14. n показная сторона; внешний эффект

for show — для внешнего эффекта, напоказ

light show — фантастическое представление, шоу, основанное не световых эффектах

15. n разг. дело, предприятие

to run the show — заправлять

16. n воен. разг. дело, бой, операция

to put up a show — драться, сражаться, побывать в деле

17. n проявление, признак

show of reason — признак благоразумия

with some show of reason — с некоторым основанием

some suggested, without good show of reason, that … — некоторые высказали мысль, без особых на то оснований, что …

the board is a poor show — дирекция ничем себя не проявила

the party was a dull show — на вечере была отчаянная возможность, шанс

sand show — признак нефти в песке

show signs of — обнаруживать признаки

18. n амер. австрал. следы, признаки наличия

a show of gold in a mine — признаки золота в шахте

to show damage — доказать наличие вреда

19. n горн. ореол

20. n спорт. жарг. третье место или одно из трёх первых мест

one-man show — театр одного актера

show or hide — показывать или скрывать

show a person to his seat — проводить зрителя на место

21. n физиол. воды

to vote by show of hands — голосовать поднятием руки

to show cause — привести основания ; представить доводы

22. a показательный

the show pupil in the class — образцовый ученик в классе

23. v показываться, появляться

the buds are showing — появляются почки

show final score — показывать окончательную оценку

show a novice — показывать новый элемент

to show time — показывать время

24. v указывать

25. v показывать, объяснять, учить

show resistance — оказывать сопротивление

26. v выставлять; экспонировать

to show flowers — выставлять цветы

27. v выставлять для продажи, предлагать

the stores are showing new spring suits — магазины предлагают новые весенние костюмы

28. v изображать

29. v разг. театр. играть, давать

this play has been shown in every town — этот спектакль показывали во всех городах

game show — телеигра, телевизионная игра

show a preference — отдавать предпочтение

to show in color — закрашивать, давать в красках

show a profit — давать прибыль; приносить прибыль

30. v разг. выступать на ринге

hopefully we will get to the show on time — надо надеяться, что мы не опоздаем на представление

31. v разг. выявлять, устанавливать

he showed the plan to be faulty on — показал, что план составлен неудачно

32. v разг. проявлять, обнаруживать

he showed every mark of extreme agitation — но всему было видно, что он очень возбуждён

show a tendency — проявлять тенденцию

to show friendship — проявлять дружелюбие

to show initiative — проявлять инициативу

to show generosity — проявлять великодушие

show a lack of determination — проявлять слабость

33. v разг. оттенять, выделять

a light carpet shows the dirt — на светлом ковре грязь очень заметна

show off — представлять в выгодном свете; оттенять, подчёркивать

34. v разг. выделяться, виднеться; быть видным, заметным

the stain shows — пятно заметно

be on show — быть выставленным

show a good tone — быть устойчивым

show fight — быть готовым к борьбе

show through — проступать, быть заметным; просвечивать

35. v разг. появляться, бывать

the guest failed to show — гость так и не пришёл

he showed himself in public places to quiet rumours that he was ill — он стал появляться в обществе, чтобы положить конец слухам о своей выглядеть, казаться, иметь вид

to show white — белеть

show up with — появляться с

36. v разг. спорт. жарг. занять третье место или одно из трёх первых мест

a bet to win, place or show — тройное пари ; ставка на первую, вторую и третью лошадь

Синонимический ряд:

1. affectation (noun) affectation; front; pose

2. appearance (noun) appearance; appearances; guise; out; seeming; semblance; simulacrum

3. comedy (noun) comedy; drama; musical; opera

4. display (noun) array; demonstration; display; expression; fanfare; manifestation; mark; panoply; parade; pomp; shine

5. indication (noun) indication; occurrence; representation; showing; sight; trace

6. mask (noun) cloak; color; coloring; colour; colouring; cover; disguise; disguisement; facade; face; false front; gloss; mask; muffler; put-on; veil; veneer; window dressing; window-dressing

7. movie (noun) cine; film; flick; motion picture; movie; moving picture; photoplay; picture; picture show

8. opportunity (noun) break; chance; look-in; occasion; opening; opportunity; shot; squeak; time

9. pretense (noun) act; deception; illusion; masquerade; ostentation; pretence; pretense; pretext; sham; simulation

10. production (noun) ceremony; concert; exhibit; exhibition; exposition; fair; pageant; performance; play; presentation; production; program; spectacle

11. appear (verb) appear; emerge; issue; loom; materialise

12. bare (verb) bare; disclose; expose; lay open; uncover; unmask; unveil

13. brandish (verb) brandish; disport; flash; flaunt; offer; parade; show off; sport; trot out

14. come (verb) arrive; come; get; get in; reach; show up; turn up

15. demonstrate (verb) demonstrate; display; evidence; evince; exhibit; illustrate; look; manifest; ostend; present; seem; unfurl

16. give (verb) accord; bestow; confer; dispense; give; grant

17. guide (verb) accompany; conduct; direct; escort; guide; lead; pilot; route; see; shepherd; steer; usher

18. image (verb) delineate; depict; describe; image; limn; picture; portray; render; represent

19. indicate (verb) denote; designate; indicate; mark; point out; read; record; register; say; specify

20. prove (verb) authenticate; bear out; confirm; corroborate; determine; establish; make out; prove; substantiate; validate; verify

21. read (verb) mark; read; record; register

22. reveal (verb) clarify; divulge; elucidate; explain; explicate; proclaim; publish; reveal

23. run (verb) play; run

24. stage (verb) mount; produce; put on; stage

Антонимический ряд:

conceal; confound; disguise; disprove; dissimilarity; falsify; hide; misinterpret; mystify; non-appearance; obscure

English-Russian base dictionary > show
12 CULTURE, LITERATURE, AND LANGUAGE

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   ■. "The Price of Neutrality: Portugal, the Wolfram Question, and World War II." Luso-Brazilian Review (Madison, WI), 23 (nos.1, 2) (Summer, 1986; Winter, 1986). 97-111; 108-127.

   ■. "Last of the Great Air Mysteries of the War [World War II]." Bridport and Lyme Regis Gazette (Dorset, U.K.), June 5, 2003, 24-25.

   ■. "Leslie Howard Helped Win World War II," St. Louis Post-Dispatch (St. Louis, Mo.), April 3, 5, 2005.

   ■ Wilson, Robert. A Small Death in Lisbon. London, 2000.

   ■. The Company Of Strangers. San Diego, 2002.

   ■ Wylie, Neville. "An Amateur Learns His Job? Special Operations Executive in Portugal, 1940-42." Journal of Contemporary History. 36: no. 3 (2001), 441-57.

   ■ The Military

   ■ Ferreira Martins, General. Historia do Exercito Portugues. Lisbon: Inquerito, 1945.

   ■ Kaulza de Arriaga, General. Guerra e Politica. Em nome da verdade. Os anos decisivos. Lisbon: Referendo, 1987.

   ■ Medeiros Ferreira, Jose. O Comportamento Politico dos Militares, Forcas Armadas e Regimes Politicos em Portugal no seculo XX. Lisbon: Estampa, 1992.

   ■ Pereira Marques, Fernando. Exercito e Sociedade em Portugal. No Declinio do Antigo Regime e advento do Liberalismo. Lisbon: Regra do Jogo, 1981.

   ■ Porch, Douglas. The Portuguese Armed Forces and the Revolution. London: Croom Helm, 1977.

   ■ Ribeiro Dos Santos, Antonio Pedro. O Estado E A Order Publica. As Institui-coes Militares Portuguesas. Lisbon: Instituto Superior De Ciencias Sociais E Politicas, 1999.

   ■ Saraiva de Carvalho, Otelo. Alvorada em Abril. Amadora (Portugal): Bertrand, 1977.

   ■ Selvagem, Carlos. Portugal Militar. Compendio de Historia Militar e Naval de Portugal. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional, 1931.

   ■ Spinola, Antonio de. Portugal e o Futuro. Lisbon: Arcadia, 1974.

   ■. Pais Sem Rumo. Contributo para a historia de uma Revolucao. Lisbon: Scire, 1978.

   ■ Teixeira, Nuno Severiano. Portugal e a Guerra. Historia das intervencoes militares portuguesas nos grandes conflitos mundiais do seculo XX. Lisbon: Ed. Colibri, 1999.

   ■. Coord., Nova Historia Militar de Portugal, 5 vols. Lisbon: Circulo de Leitores, 2003-.

   ■ Valente, Vasco Pulido. O Poder e o Povo. A Revolucao de 1910. Lisbon: Moraes, 1976, 1982.

   ■ Wheeler, Douglas L. Republican Portugal: A Political History ( 1910-1926). Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1978, 1998.

   ■. A Ditadura Militar Portuguesa ( 1926-1933). Mem Martins: Europa- America, 1988.

   ■. "The Military and the Portuguese Dictatorship, 1926-1974: "The Honor of the Army." In Lawrence S. Graham and Harry M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents. 191-219. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■ Government and Politics since 1974

   ■ Aguiar, Joaquim. "Hidden Fluidity in an Ultra-Stable Party System." In E. de Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-1984, 101-27. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Braga da Cruz, Manuel, ed. Sistema Eleitoral Portugües: Debate Político e Parlamentar. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional/ Casa da Moeda, 1998.

   ■, ed. "Portugal Político 25 Anos Depois." In Análise Social XXXV, 154/155 (Summer, 2000): 1-404.

   ■ Bruneau, Thomas C., and Alex Macleod. Politics in Contemporary Portugal: Parties and the Consolidation of Democracy. Boulder, Colo.: Rienner, 1986.

   ■ Bruneau, Thomas C., ed. Political Parties and Democracy in Portugal. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1997. Carlucci, Frank. "Confiei no Povo Portugues." Visao (Lisbon), April 10, 1997, 46-47.

   ■. "The View from the U.S. Embassy." In Hans Binnendijk, ed., Authoritarian Regimes in Transition. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of State, Foreign Service Institute, Center for the Study of Foreign Affairs, 1987.

   ■ Coelho, Mário Baptista, ed. Portugal. O Sistema Política a Constitucional, 1974-87. Lisbon: Instituto de Ciências Sociais, UNL, 1989.

   ■ Costa Pinto, Antonio. "Settling Accounts with the Past in a Troubled Transition to Democracy: The Portuguese Case." In Alexandra Barahona De Brito, Carmen Gonzalez-Enriquez, and Paloma Aguilar, eds., The Politics of Memory: Transitional Justice in Democratizing Societies, 65-91. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.

   ■ Cruzeiro, Maria Manuela. Costa Gomes-o Ultimo Marechal. Lisbon: Edit. Noticias, 1998.

   ■ Domingos, Emídio Da Veiga. Portugal Político. Análise das Instituiçoes. Lisbon, 1989.

   ■ Goldey, David. "Elections and the Consolidation of Portuguese Democracy: 1974-1983." Electoral Studies 2, 3 (1983): 229-40.

   ■ Graham, Lawrence S. "Institutionalizing Democracy: Governance in Post-1974 Portugal." In Ali Farazmand, ed., Handbook of Comparative and Development Public Administration, 81-90. New York: Dekker, 1991.

   ■, and Douglas L. Wheeler, eds. In Search of Modern Portugal: The Revolution and Its Consequences. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Gunther, Richard. "Spain and Portugal." In G. A. Dorfman and P. J. Duignan, eds., Politics in Western Europe, 186-236. Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press, 1988.

   ■ Magone, José Maria. European Portugal: The Difficult Road to Sustainable Democracy. Basingstoke, U.K.: Macmillan, 1997.

   ■ Maxwell, Kenneth. The Making of Portuguese Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

   ■, ed. Portugal in the 1980s: Dilemmas of Democratic Consolidation. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Maxwell, Kenneth R., and Scott C. Monje, eds. Portugal: The Constitution and the Consolidation of Democracy, 1976-1989. New York: Camões Center, RIIC, Camões Center Special Report No. 2, Columbia University, 1991.

   ■ Opello, Walter C., Jr. "The New Parliament in Portugal." Legislative Studies Quarterly, 3 (May 1978): 309-334.

   ■. "Local Government and Political Culture in a Portuguese Rural County." Comparative Politics 13 (April 1981): 271-89.

   ■. "Portugal's Administrative Elite: Social Origins and Political Attitudes." West European Politics 6 (Jan. 1983): 63-74.

   ■. Portugal's Political Development: A Comparative Approach. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1985.

   ■ Pinto Balsemão, Francisco. "The Constitution and Politics: Options for the Future." In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s, 197-232. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Sartori, Giovanni. "Portugal." In Sartori, G, ed., Parties and Party Systems. Vol. 1, 131-45. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976. Secretary of State for Mass Communications. Constitution of the Portuguese Republic [1976]. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Contemporary Portugal since 1974

   ■ Aguiar, Joaquim. A Ilusão do poder: Analise do Sistema Partidário, 19761982. Lisbon, 1983. Almeida, Diniz de. Orígens e Evolução do Movimento dos Capitães. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■. Ascensao, Apogeu e Queda do MFA, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Alves, Márcio Moreira. Les Soldats Socialistes du Portugal. Paris: Gallimard, 1975.

   ■ Antunes, José Freire. Sá Carneiro: Um Meteoro Nos Anos Setenta. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■. O Segredo do 25 de Novembro. Mem Martins, 1983.

   ■ Arouca, Manuel. Os Filhos Da Costa Do Sol. Mem Martins, 1989. Audibert, Pierre, and Daniel Brignon. Portugal: Les nouveaux centurions. Paris, 1974.

   ■ Baptista, Jacinto. Caminhos para uma revolução. Lisbon, 1975. Barreto, Antônio. Memórias da Reforma Agrária. Mem Martins: Europa-Amé-rica, 1983.

   ■, and C. V. Preto, eds. A Situação Social em Portugal, 1960-1996. Lisbon: Instituto de Ciências Sociais, 1996.

   ■ Bermeo, Nancy Gina. "Worker Management in Industry: Reconciling Representative Government and Industrial Democracy in a Polarized Society." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 181-98. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■. The Revolution within the Revolution: Workers' Control in Rural Portugal. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1986.

   ■ Braeckman, Colette. Portugal: Revolution surveilée. Brussels: Rossei, 1975.

   ■ Braga da Cruz, Manuel. "O Presidente da República na génese e evolução do sistema de governor portugües." Análise social XXIX, 125-26 (1994): 237-65.

   ■, coord. "Portugal Político 25 Anos Depois." Análise Social XXXV, 154/155 (Summer 2000): 1-404. Bruneau, Thomas C. "Popular Support for Democracy in Post-revolutionary Portugal: Results from a Survey." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 21-42. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■. Politics and Nationhood: Post-Revolutionary Portugal. New York: Praeger, 1984.

   ■. "Portugal Fifteen Years after the April Revolution." Field Staff Reports ( 1989-90/ No. 1, Europe), 3-11. Indianapolis, Ind.: Universities Field Staff International, 1990.

   ■, and Alex Macleod. Politics in Contemporary Portugal: Parties and the Consolidation of Democracy. Boulder, Colo.: Rienner, 1986.

   ■ Carvalho, Ortelo Saraiva de. Cinco Meses Mudaram Portugal. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■. Alvorada em Abril. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Cid, Augusto. PREC-Processo Revolucionário Eventualmente Chocante. Viseu, 1977.

   ■ Costa Lobo, Marina, and Pedro C. Magalhaes. "From 'Third Wave' to 'Third Way': Europe and the Portuguese Socialists (1975-1999)," Journal of Southern Europe and the Balkans 3, no. 1 (2001), 25-35.

   ■ Costa Pinto, Antônio, ed. Modern Portugal. Palo Alto, Calif.: SPOSS, 1998.

   ■, and Nuno Severiano Teixeira, eds. Southern Europe and the Making of the European Union. New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 2002.

   ■ Cunhal, Alvaro. A Revolução Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Dias, Eduardo Mayone. Portugal's Secret Jews: The End of an Era. Rumford, R.I.: Peregrinação Publications, 1999.

   ■ Downs, Charles. "Comissões de Moradores and Urban Struggles in Revolutionary Portugal." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 4 (1986): 267-94.

   ■. Revolution at the Grassroots: Community Organizations in the Portuguese Revolution. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989.

   ■ Dufour, Jean-Marc. Prague sur Tage. Paris, 1975.

   ■ Durão Barroso, José. Le systémepolitiqueportugais face à l'intégration euro-péenne. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■ Eisfeid, Rainer. "Portugal: What Role/What Future?" In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal Ten Years after the Revolution. New York: RIIC, Columbia University, 1984.

   ■. Sozialistischer Pluralismus in Europa: Ansãtze und Scheitern am Beispiel Portugal. Cologne: Verlag Wissenchaft ünd Politik, 1985.

   ■. "Portugal and Western Europe." In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s, 29-62. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Farinha, Luis. "Regresso a Europa. Uma opcao feliz." Historia. XXIX; 95, III series (March 2007), 23-33.

   ■ Faye, Jean-Pierre, ed. Portugal: The Revolution in the Labyrinth. Nottingham, U.K.: Spokesman, 1976. Ferreira, Hugo Gil, and Michael W. Marshall. Portugal's Revolution: Ten Years On. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986. Figueira, João Costa. Cavaco Silva: Homem de Estado. Lisbon, 1987. Filoche, Gérard. Printemps Portugais. Paris: Editions Action, 1984. Frémontier, Jacques. Os Pontos nos ii. Lisbon, 1976. Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian. 25 de Abril-10 anos depois. Lisbon, 1984. Futscher Pereira, Bernardo. "Portugal and Spain." In K. Maxwell, ed. Portugal in the 1980s, 63-87. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Gama, Jaime. Política Externa Portuguesa 1983-85: Ministério dos Negôcios Estrangeiros. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■. "Preface." In J. Calvet de Magalhães, A. de Vasconcelos, and J. Ramos Silva, eds., Portugal: An Atlantic Paradox, 9-11. Lisbon, 1990. Gaspar, Jorge, and Nuno Vitorino. As Eleições De 25 De Abril: Geografia E Imagem Dos Partidos. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■. "10 Anos de Democracia: Reflexos na geografia política." In E. de Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opelio, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal 1974-1984/ Conflitos e Mudanças em Portugal, 1974-1984, 135-55. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■, et al. As Eleições para assembleia da república, 1979-1983: Estudos de geografia eleitoral. Lisbon, 1984. Gaspar, Jorge, and Nuno Vitorino, eds. Portugal em mapas e em números. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■ Giaccone, Fausto. Una Storia Portoghese/ Uma História Portuguesa. Palermo: Randazzo Focus, 1987.

   ■ Gladdish, Ken. "Portugal: An Open Verdict." In Geoffrey Pridham, ed. Securing Democracy: Political Parties and Democratic Consolidation in Southern Europe, 104-25. London and New York: Routledge, 1990.

   ■ Graham, Lawrence S. The Decline and Collapse of an Authoritarian Order. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage, 1975.

   ■, and Harry M. Makler, eds. Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■, and Douglas L. Wheeler, eds. In Search of Modern Portugal: The Revolution and Its Consequences. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Grayson, George W. "Portugal and the Armed Forces Movement." Orbis XIX, 2 (Summer 1975): 335-78.

   ■ Green, Gil. Portugal's Revolution. New York: International, 1976.

   ■ Hammond, John L. Building Popular Power: Workers' and Neighborhood Movements in the Portuguese Revolution. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1988.

   ■ Harsgor, Michael. Naissance d'un Nouveau Portugal. Paris: Ed. du Seuil, 1975.

   ■. Portugal in Revolution. Washington, D.C.: CSIS and Sage, 1976.

   ■ Harvey, Robert. Portugal, Birth of a Democracy. London: Macmillan, 1978.

   ■ Herr, Richard, ed. Portugal: The Long Road to Democracy and Europe. Berkeley, Calif.: International and Area Studies, 1992.

   ■ Insight Team of the Sunday [London] Times. Insight on Portugal: The Year of the Captains. London: Deutsch, 1975.

   ■ Janitschek, Hans. Mario Soares: Portrait of a Hero. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1985.

   ■ Keefe, Eugene K., et al. Area Handbook for Portugal, 1st ed. Washington, D.C.: Foreign Area Studies of American University, 1977. Kramer, Jane. "A Reporter at Large: The Portuguese Revolution." The New Yorker (Dec. 15, 1975): 92-131.

   ■ Lauré, Jason, and Ettagal Lauré. Jovem Portugal: After the Revolution. New York: Straus, Farrar and Giroux, 1977.

   ■ Livermore, H. V. A New History of Portugal. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976.

   ■ Lourenço, Eduardo. Os Militares e O Poder. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■. O Fascismo Nunca Existiu. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■. "Identidade e Memôria: o caso português." In E. de Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-l 984, 17-22. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Lucena, Manuel. Evolução e Instituições: A Extinção dos Grémios da Lavoura Alentejanos. Mem Martins, 1984.

   ■. "A herança de duas revoluções." In M. Baptista Coelho, ed., Portugal: O Sistema Político e Constitucional, 1974-87, 505-55. Lisbon, 1989.

   ■ Macedo, Jorge Braga de, and S. Serfaty. Portugal since the Revolution: Economic and Political Perspectives. New York: Praeger, 1981.

   ■ Magone, José M. European Portugal: The Difficult Road to Sustainable Democracy. New York: St. Martin's, 1997. Mailer, Phil. Portugal: The Impossible Revolution. London: Solidarity, 1977. Manta, João Abel. Cartoons/ 1969-1975. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Manuel, Paul C. Uncertain Outcome: The Politics of Portugal's Transition to Democracy. Lanham, Md. and London: University Press of America, 1994.

   ■ Mateus, Rui. Contos Proibidos. Memorias de Um PS Desconhecido, 3rd ed. Lisbon: Dom Quixote, 1996.

   ■ Maxwell, Kenneth. "Portugal under Pressure." The New York Review of Books (May 2, 1974).

   ■. "The Hidden Revolution in Portugal." The New York Review of Books (April 17, 1975).

   ■. "The Thorns of the Portuguese Revolution." Foreign Affairs 54, 2 (Jan. 1976): 250-70.

   ■. "The Communists and the Portuguese Revolution." Dissent 27, 2 (Spring 1980): 194-206.

   ■. Portugal in the 1980s: Dilemmas of Democratic Consolidation. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■. The Making of Portuguese Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

   ■, ed. "Portugal: Toward the Twenty-First Century." Camoes Center Quarterly 5, 3-4 (Fall 1995): 6-55.

   ■, ed. The Press and the Rebirth of Iberian Democracy. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1983.

   ■. Portugal Ten Years after the Revolution: Reports of Three Columbia University-Gulbenkian Workshops. New York: Research Institute on International Change, Columbia University, 1984.

   ■ Maxwell, Kenneth, and Michael H. Haltzel, eds. Portugal: Ancient Country, Young Democracy. Washington, D.C.: Wilson Center Press, 1990.

   ■ Medeiros Ferreira, José. Ensaio Histórico sobre a revolução do 25 de Abril. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■ Medina, João, ed. Portugal De Abril: Do 25 Aos Nossos Dias. In Medina, ed., História Contemporãnea De Portugal. Lisbon, 1985. Merten, Peter. Anarchismus ünd Arbeiterkãmpf in Portugal. Hamburg: Libertare, 1981.

   ■ Miranda, Jorge. Constituição e Democracia. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■. A Constituição de 1976. Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Morrison, Rodney J. Portugal: Revolutionary Change in an Open Economy. Boston: Auburn House, 1981.

   ■ Mujal-Leôn, Eusebio. "The PCP [Portuguese Communist Party] and the Portuguese Revolution." Problems of Communism 26 (Jan.- Feb. 1977): 21-41.

   ■ Neves, Mário. Missão em Moscovo. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Oliveira, César. M. F. A. e Revolução Socialista. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■. Os Anos Decisivos: Portugal 1962-1985. Um testemunho. Lisbon: Presença, 1993.

   ■ Opello, Waiter C., Jr. Portugal's Political Development: A Comparative Approach. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1985.

   ■. Portugal: From Monarchy to Pluralist Democracy. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1991.

   ■ Pell, Senator Claiborne H. Portugal ( Including the Azores and Spain) in Search of New Directions: Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1976.

   ■ Pereira, J. Pacheco. "A Case of Orthodoxy: The Communist Party of Portugal." In Waller and Fenema, eds., Communist Parties in Western Europe: Adaptation or Decline? Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988.

   ■ Pilmott, Ben. "Socialism in Portugal: Was It a Revolution?" Government and Opposition 7 (Summer 1977).

   ■. "Were the Soldiers Revolutionary? The Armed Forces Movement in Portugal, 1973-1976." Iberian Studies 7, 1 (1978): 13-21.

   ■, and Jean Seaton. "Political Power and the Portuguese Media." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 43-57. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Porch, Douglas. The Portuguese Armed Forces and the Revolution. London: Croom Helm and Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press, 1977.

   ■ Pouchin, Dominique. Portugal, quelle révolution? Paris, 1976.

   ■ Pulido Valente, Vasco. "E Viva Otelo." In Pulido Valente, V., ed., O País das Maravilhas, 451-54. Lisbon, 1979 [anthology of articles from weekly Lisbon paper, Expresso].

   ■. Estudos Sobre a Crise Nacional. Lisbon, 1980.

   ■ Rebelo de Sousa, Marcelo. O Sistema de Governo Português antes e depois da Revisão Constitucional, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1981. Rêgo, Raúl. Militares, Clérigos e Paisanos. Lisbon, 1981. Robinson, Richard A. H. Contemporary Portugal: A History. London: Allen & Unwin, 1979.

   ■ Rodrigues, Avelino, Cesário Borga, and Mário Cardoso. O Movemento dos Capitães e o 25 de Abril. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■. Portugal Depois De Abril. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■ Ruas, H. B., ed. A Revolução das Flores. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Rudel, Christian. La Liberte couleur d'oeillet. Paris: Fayard, 1980.

   ■ Sa, Tiago Moreira de. Os Americanos na Revolucao Portuguesa ( 1974-1976). Lisbon: Edit. Noticias, 2004.

   ■ Sá Carneiro, Francisco. Por Uma Social-Democracia Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Sanches Osôrio, Helena. Um Só Rosto. Uma Só Fé. Conversas Com Adelino Da Palma Carlos. Lisbon, 1988. Sanches Osôrio, J. The Betrayal of the 25th of April in Portugal. Madrid: Sedmay, 1975.

   ■ Schmitter, Philippe C. "Liberation by Golpe: Retrospective Thoughts on the Demise of Authoritarian Rule in Portugal." Armed Forces and Society 2 (1974): 5-33.

   ■. "An Introduction to Southern European Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Italy, Greece, Portugal, Spain and Turkey." In G. O'Donnell,

   ■ P. C. Schmitter, and L. Whitehead, eds., Transitions from Authoritarian Rule, 3-10. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986.

   ■ Silva, Fernando Dioga da. "Uma Administração Envelhecido." Revista da Ad-ministraçao Pública 2 (Oct.-Dec. 1979).

   ■ Simões, Martinho, ed. Relatório Do 25 De Novembro: Texto Integral, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■ Soares, Isabel, ed. Mário Soares: O homem e o político. Lisbon, 1976. Soares, Mário. Democratização e Descolonização: Dez meses no Governo Provisório. Lisbon, 1975. Sobel, Lester A., ed. Portuguese Revolution, 1974-1976. New York: Facts on File, Inc., 1976.

   ■ Spínola, Antônio de. Portugal e o Futuro. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■. País Sem Rumo: Contributo para a História de uma Revolução. Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Stock, Maria José. Os Partidos do Poder: Dez Anos Depois do " 25 De Abril." Evora, 1986.

   ■ Story, Jonathan. "Portugal's Revolution of Carnations: Patterns of Change and Continuity." International Affairs 52 (July 1976): 417-34. Sweezey, Paul. "Class Struggles in Portugal." Monthly Review 27, 4 (Sept. 1975): 1-26.

   ■ Szulc, Tad. "Lisbon and Washington: Behind Portugal's Revolution." Foreign Policy 21 (Winter 1975-76): 3-62. Tavares de Almeida, Antônio. Balsemão: O retrato. Lisbon, 1981. "Vasco." Desenhos Políticos. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■ Vasconcelos, Alvaro. "Portugal in Atlantic-Mediterranean Security." In Douglas T. Stuart, ed., Politics and Security in the Southern Region of the Atlantic Alliance, 117-36. London: Macmillan, 1988.

   ■ Wheeler, Douglas L. "Golpes militares e golpes literários. A literatura do golpe de 25 de Abril de 1974 em contexto histôrico." Penélope. Fazer E Desfazer A História, 19-20 (1998): 191-212.

   ■. "Tributo ao Historiador dos Historiadores. Memorias de A.H.de Oliveira Marques (1933-2007)," Historia XXIX, 95, III series (March 2007), 18-22.

   ■ Wiarda, Howard J. Transcending Corporatism? The Portuguese Corporative System and the Revolution of 1974. Columbia: Institute of International Studies, University of South Carolina, 1976.

   ■. The Transition to Democracy in Spain and Portugal. Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1989. Wise, Audrey. Eyewitness in Revolutionary Portugal. With a Preface by Judith Hart, MP. London: Spokesman, 1975.

   ■ PHYSICAL FEATURES: GEOGRAPHY, GEOLOGY, FAUNA, AND FLORA

   ■ Birot, Pierre. Le Portugal: Étude de géographie régionale. Paris, 1950.

   ■ Embleton, Clifford. Geomorphology of Europe. London: Macmillan, 1984.

   ■ Girão, Aristides de Amorim. Divisão regional, divisão agrícola e divisão administrativa. Coimbra, 1932.

   ■. Condições geográficos e históricas de autonomia política de Portugal. Coimbra, 1935.

   ■. Atlas de Portugal, 2nd ed. Coimbra, 1958.

   ■ Ribeiro, Orlando. Portugal, O Mediterrâneo e o Altântico. Coimbra, 1945 and later eds.

   ■. Portugal. Volume V of Geografia de Espana y Portugal. Barcelona, 1955.

   ■. Ensaios de Geografia Humana e regio nal. Lisbon, 1970.

   ■. A geografia e a divisão regional do país. Lisbon, 1970.

   ■ Stanislawski, Dan. The Individuality of Portugal. Austin: The University of Texas Press, 1959.

   ■. Portugal's Other Kingdom: The Algarve. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1963.

   ■ Taylor, Albert William. Wild Flowers of Spain and Portugal. London: Chatto & Windus, 1972.

   ■ Way, Ruth, and Margaret Simmons. A Geography of Spain and Portugal. London: Methuen, 1962.

   ■ ARCHAEOLOGY AND PREHISTORY

   ■ "Actas do Colóquio Inter-Universitário do Noroeste Peninsular (Porto-Baião, 1988), vol. II, Proto-História, romanização e Idade Média." In Trabalhos de antropologia e etnologia. 28, 3-4 (1988).

   ■ Alarcão, Jorge de, ed. "Do Paleolítico va arte visigótica." Vol. 1, História da

   ■ Arte em Portugal. Lisbon: Alfa, 1986.

   ■. Roman Portugal, 3 vols. Warminister, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1988.

   ■. Portugal Das Orígens A Romanização. Vol. I. In J. Serrão and A. H. de Oliveira Marques, eds. Nova História de Portugal. Lisbon: Presença, 1990. Anderson, James M., and M. S. Lea. Portugal 1001 Sights: An Archaeological and Historical Guide. Calgary, Alberta: University of Calgary and Robert Hale, 1994.

   ■ Balmuth, Miriam S., Antonio Gilman, and Lourdes Prados-Torreira, eds. Encounters and Transformations: The Archaeology of Iberia in Transition. Monographs in Mediterranean Archaeology, no. 7. Sheffield, U.K.: Sheffield Academic Press, 1997.

   ■ Beirão, C. M. M. Une civilization protohistorique du Sud au Portugal ( 1er Age du Fer). Paris: D. Boccard, 1986.

   ■ Cardoso, João Luís, Santinho A. Cunha, and Delberto Aguiar. O Homem Pre-Histórico no Concelho de Oeiras. Oeiras, Portugal: Estudos Arquelógicos de Oeiras, 1991.

   ■ Harrison, Richard J. The Bell Beaker Cultures of Spain and Portugal. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1977.

   ■ Mangas, Júlio, ed. Hispania epigraphica. Madrid, 1989.

   ■ Maloney, Stephanie J. "The Villa of Toerre de Palma, Portugal: Archaeology and Preservation." Portuguese Studies Review VIII, 1 (Fall-Winter, 1999-2000): 14-28.

   ■ Savory, H. N. Spain and Portugal: The Prehistory of the Iberian Peninsula. London, 1968.

   ■ Silva, A. C. F. A cultura castreja no Noroeste de Portugal. Paços de Ferreira:

   ■ Museu da Citânia de Sanfins, 1986. Straus, L. G. Iberia before the Iberians. Albuquerque, N.M., 1992.

   ■ FOREIGN TRAVELERS AND RESIDENTS' ACCOUNTS

   ■ Andersen, Hans Christian. A Visit to Portugal 1866. London: Peter Owen, 1972.

   ■ Beckford, William. Italy, with Sketches of Spain and Portugal. Paris: Baudry's European Library, 1834.

   ■. The Journal of William Beckford in Portugal and Spain 1787-1788.

   ■ Boyd Alexander, ed. London: Hart-Davies, 1954.

   ■. Recollections of an Excursion to the Monasteries of Alcoboca and Batalha. Fontwell, U.K.: Centaur Press, 1972.

   ■ Bell, Aubrey F. G. In Portugal. London: Bodley Head, 1912.

   ■ Borrow, George. The Bible in Spain, 2 vols. London: Constable, 1923 ed.

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   ■. "Saloio Women: An Analysis of Informal and Formal Political and Economic Roles of Portuguese Peasant Women." Anthropological Quarterly 40, 3 (July 1967): 109-26.

   ■. "Festas and Padres: The Organization of Religious Action in a Portuguese Parish." American Anthropologist 75 (1973): 835-52.

   ■. "Peasants and Politics in Salazar's Portugal: The Corporate State and Village 'Nonpolitics'" In L. S. Graham and H. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents, 167-90. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■ Rodrigues, Julieta E. S. de Almeida. "Continuity and Change in Urban Portuguese Women's Roles: Emerging New Household Structures." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Sociology, Columbia University, 1979.

   ■ Rowland, Robert. "Demographic Patterns and Rural Society in Portugal." So-ciologica Ruralis 26, 1 (1986): 36-47.

   ■ Sanchis, Pierre. Arraial. La Fête d'un Peuple: Les Pélerinages Populaires au Portugal. Paris, 1976.

   ■ Siegel, Bernard J. "Social Structure and Medical Practitioners in Rural Brazil and Portugal." Sociologia (São Paulo) 20, 4 (Oct. 1958): 463-76.

   ■. "Conflict, Parochialism and Social Differentiation in Portuguese Society." Journal of Conflict Resolution V, 1 (March 1961): 35-12.

   ■ Smith, T. Lynn. "The Social Relationships of Man to the Land in Portugal." Sociologia 25, 1 (Dec. 1963): 319-43.

   ■ Sousa Santos, Boaventura. "Estado e sociedade na semiperíferia do sistema mundiale: O caso português." Análise Social 87-89 (1985): 869-902.

   ■. "Social Crisis and the State." In Kenneth Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s: Dilemmas of Democratic Consolidation, 167-95. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Vasconcellos, Joaquim Leite de. Ethnograia Portuguesa, 8 vols. Lisbon, 1941-82.

   ■. Tradições Populares Portugueses. New ed. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Willems, Emilio. "On Portuguese Family Structure." International Journal of Comparative Society (Dharwar, India) 3, 1 (Sept. 1962): 65-79.

   ■ ARTS, ARCHITECTURE, URBAN PLANNING, MUSIC

   ■ Almeida, Rodrigo Vicente de. História da Arte em Portugal: ( Segundo Estudo) Documentos lnéditos. Oporto, 1883. Almeida D'Eca, Admiral Vicente M. Castles of Portugal. Lisbon, 1925. Amaral, Francisco K. Lisboa: Uma Cidade em Transformação. Lisbon, 1969. Azevedo, Carlos de, and Chester Brummel. Churches of Portugal. New York: Scala Books, 1985.

   ■ Barreira, João, ed. Arte Portuguesa: As Decorativas, 2 vols. Lisbon, n.d.

   ■ Barretto, Mascarenhas, and George Dykes. Fado: Lyrical Origins and Poetical Motivation. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Binney, Marcus. Country Manors of Portugal. London: Scala, 1987.

   ■ Branco, Luís de Freitas. A Música em Portugal. Lisbon, 1930.

   ■ Brito, Manuel Carlos de. Opera in Portugal in the Eighteenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

   ■ Carvalho, Pinto de. História de Fado. Lisbon, 1903 and 1982 eds.

   ■ Castro d'Aire, Teresa. O Fado. Lisbon: Temas da Actualidade, 1996.

   ■ Chicó, Mário Tavares. A Architectura Gótica em Portugal. Lisbon, 1968.

   ■ França, José-Augusto. A Arte em Portugal No Século XIX. Lisbon, 1966.

   ■. Lisboa Pombalina e o Illuminismo, 2nd ed. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■. A Reconstrucão e a Arquitectura Pombalina. Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Gallop, Rodney. "The Fado (The Portuguese Song of Fate)." Musical Quarterly XIX (1933): 199-213.

   ■. Eight Portuguese Folksongs. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1936.

   ■ Gil, Júlio. The Finest Churches in Portugal. Lisbon, 1988.

   ■. The Finest Castles in Portugal, 3rd ed. George F. W. Dykes, trans. Lisbon, 1996.

   ■ Gonçalves, Rui Mário. Pintura e escultura em Portugal. Lisbon: Instituto de Cultura, 1984.

   ■. 100 Pintores Portugueses do século XX. Lisbon: Alfa, 1986.

   ■ Kubler, George. Portuguese Plain Architecture: Between Spices and Diamonds, 1521-1706. Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press, 1972.

   ■. Studies in Ancient American and European Art: The Collected Essays of George Kubler. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1985.

   ■, and Martin Soria. Art and Architecture in Spain and Portugal. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1959.

   ■ Lacerda, Aarão de. História da Arte em Portugal, 2 vols. Oporto, 1942-48.

   ■ Leão, Joaquim de Sousa. "Decorative Art: The Azulejo." In H. V. Livermore, ed. Portugal and Brazil: An Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1953.

   ■ Lopes Graça, Fernando. A canção popular portuguesa. Lisbon, 1953.

   ■. A música portuguesa e os sus problemas: Ensaios. Lisbon, 1959.

   ■ Moita, Luís. O fado: canção de vencidos. Lisbon, 1936.

   ■ Neves, José Cassiano. The Palace and Gardens of Fronteira: Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century Portuguese Style. Lisbon: Quetzal and Scala, 1995. North, C.T. Guia dos castelos antigos de Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon: Bertrand Ed., 2002.

   ■ Pacheco, Jose. Stuart Carvalhais. O desenho grafico e a imprensa. Lisbon: Biblioteca do Empresario, 2000. Pereira, Paulo, ed. Arte portuguesa. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1995. Picchio, Luciana Stegagno. Storia del Teatro Portoghese. Rome: Edizinio deli' Ateneo, 1964.

   ■ Queirós, José. Cerâmica Portuguesa, 2 vols. 2nd rev. ed. Lisbon, 1948.

   ■ Santos, Luís Reis. Monuments of Portugal. Lisbon, 1940.

   ■ Santos, Reinaldo dos. A Escultura em Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1948-50.

   ■. História da Arte em Portugal. Oporto, 1953.

   ■ Sasportes, José. História da Dança em Portugal. Lisbon, 1970. Simões, J. M. dos Santos. "Azulejos in a Land of Many Colours." Connoisseur (London) CXXXVII, 551 (1956): 15-21.

   ■. Azulejaria em Portugal no Século X VIII. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Smith, Robert C. A Talha em Portugal. Lisbon, 1963.

   ■. The Art of Portugal, 1500-1800. London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1968.

   ■. "The Building of Mafra." Apollo 97, 134 (April 1973): 360-67.

   ■ Stoop, Anne de. Demeures portugaises dans les environs de Lisbonne. Paris: Weber, 1986.

   ■. Palais et manoirs: Le Minho. Paris: Ed. du Seuil, 1995.

   ■ Tannock, Michael. Portuguese 20th Century Artists: A Biographical Dictionary. Chichester, U.K.: Phillimore, 1978.

   ■ Taylor, René. "The Architecture of Port Wine." The Architectural Review CXXIX, 772 (1961): 368-99.

   ■ Terol, Marylene. Azulejos a Lisbonne. Paris: Hervas, 1992.

   ■ Veiga de Oliveira, Ernesto. Instrumentos musicais populares portugueses. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■ Watson, Walter Crum. Portuguese Architecture. London: Constable, 1908. Wohl, Hellmut. "Carlos Mardel and His Lisbon Architecture." Apollo 97, 134 (April 1973): 350-59.

   ■ Sculpture and Ceramics

   ■ Andrade, Sergio de. "Presepios." In Dicionario de Arte Barroca em Portugal. Lisbon: Presenca, 1989. Barreira, Joao. Arte Portuguesa, Arquitectura e Escultura. Lisbon: Excelsior, n.d.

   ■ Cardoso, Arnaldo Pinto. O Presepio Barroco Portugues. Lisbon: Bertrand, 2003.

   ■ Chaves, Luis. Os Barristas Portugueses. Coimbra, 1925.

   ■. Natal Portugues. Oporto: Liv. Classica Editora, 1942.

   ■ Gargano, Pietro. Il Presepio. Otto Secoli di Storia, Arte, Tradizione. Milan: Fenice, 1995.

   ■ Lima, Henrique de Campos F. Joaquim Machado de Castro, Escultor Conimbricense. Coimbra: Instituto de Historia de Arte, 1989. Macedo, Diogo de. Presepios Portugueses. Lisbon: Artis, 1951.

   ■. Machado de Castro. Lisbon: Artis, 1958.

   ■ Morais, Heitor. Natal do Meu Coracao. Braga: Ed. A.O., 1991.

   ■ Pais, Alexandre Nobre. Presepios Portugueses Monumentos do Seculo XVIII em Terracotta, 2 vols. Master's thesis in history of art, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1998.

   ■ Queiros, Jose. Ceramica Portuguesa. Lisbon: Presenca, 1998. Santos, Reinaldo dos. A Escultura em Portugal. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1951. Serrao, Vitor. Historia da Arte em Portugal IV-O Barroco. Lisbon: Presenca, 2003.

   ■ Smith, Robert C. The Art Of Portugal 1500-1800. New York: Meredith Press, 1968.

   ■ Sousa, Ernesto de. Presepios. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1998.

   ■ Cinema

   ■ Antunes, Joao and Jose de Matos-Cruz, Cinema Portugues 1896-1998. Lisbon: Lusomundo, 1997.

   ■ Bandeira, Jose Gomes. Porto: 100 anos de cinema portugues. Oporto: Camara Municipal do Porto, 1996. Duarte, Fernando. Primitivos do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Cinecultura, 1960.

   ■ Faria de Almeida, M., Resumo da Historia do Cinema. Lisbon: RTP, 1982. Nobre, Roberto. Singularidades do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Portugalia, n.d.

   ■ Pina, Luis de. Aventura do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Vega, 1977.

   ■. Documentarismo Portugues. Lisbon: IPC, 1977.

   ■. Panorama do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Terra Livre, 1978.

   ■. Historia do Cinema Portugues. Mem Martins: Europa-America, 1986.

   ■ Ribeiro, Felix. O Cinema Portugues antes do Sonoro. Esboco Historiconema Portugues. Lisbon: Terra Livre, 1978.

   ■. Panorama do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: n.d.

   ■ Children's Literature

   ■ Andresen, Sofia de Melo Breyner. A Fada Oriana. 9th ed. Lisbon: Figueiri-nhas, 1985.

   ■ Araújo, Matilde Rosa. A estrada fascinante. Lisbon: Livros Horizonte, 1988. Barreto, Garcia. Literatura Para Crianças E Jovens Em Portugal. Oporto:

   ■ Campo Das Letras, 1998. Bastos, Glória. A escrita para crianças em Portugal no seculo XIX. Lisbon:

   ■ Caminho da Educaçao, 1997. Cadet, Maria Rita Chiappe. Os Contos da Mamã. Lisbon: Lallement Freres, 1883.

   ■ Castro, Fernanda. Mariazinha em Africa, 2nd ed. Lisbon: Portugália, 1947. Cross, Esther, and Wilbur Cross. Portugal. Chicago: Childrens Press, 1986. DeSkalon, Anna, and Christa Stadtler. We Live in Portugal. New York: Watts, 1987.

   ■ Gomes, Alice. A Nau Catrineta, 2nd ed. Lisbon: Portugália, 1973.

   ■. A literatura para a infância. Lisbon: Torres & Abreu, 1979.

   ■ Letria, José Jorge. Do sentimento mágico da vida. Lisbon: Escritor, 1994. Müller, Adolfo Simões. Historiazinha de Portugal, 6th ed. Oporto: Tavares Martins, 1983.

   ■ Osório, Ana de Castro. Para as crianças. Illustr. by Leal da Câmara. Setúbal: Liv. Crianças, 1908.

   ■ Pires, Maria Laura Bettencourt. História da literatura infantil portuguesa. Lisbon: Vega, 1981. Ribeiro, Aquilino. Arca de Noé-III Classe. Lisbon, 1989. Rocha, Natércia. Breve História da Literatura para Crianças em Portugal. Lisbon: Instituto de Cultura e Língua Portuguesa, 1984.

   ■. Bibliografia geral da literatura portuguesa para crianças. Lisbon: Edit. Comunicação, 1987.

   ■ Sá, Domingos Guimarães de. A literatura infantil em Portugal. Braga: Edit. Franciscana, 1981.

   ■ Selfridge. John. Portugal. New York: Chelsea House, 1990. Vaz de Carvalho, Maria Amália. Contos para os Nossos Filhos, 11th ed. Oporto: Barreira, 1947.

   ■ Viana, António Manuel Couto. Jõao de Deus e um século de literatura infantil em Portugal. Lisbon: Ed. do Templo, 1978.

   ■ Lisbon, Capital City, in History and Literature

   ■ Castelo-Branco, Fernando. Lisboa Seiscentista, 3rd ed. Lisbon: 1969.

   ■ Castilho, Júlio de. Lisboa Antiga, 7 vols. Lisbon, 1935-45.

   ■ Couto, Dejanirah. Histoire de Lisbonne. Paris: Fayard, 2000.

   ■ Crespo, Ángel. Lisboa Mítica e Literária. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1987.

   ■ Dias, Marina Tavares. Lisboa Desaparecida. Lisbon: Quimera, 1990.

   ■ Dionísio, Sant'anna, ed. Guia de Portugal. Vol. I: Lisboa e Arredores. Lisbon: Biblioteca Nacional de Lisboa, 1924, orig. ed; reprint, Gulbenkian Foundation, 1979.

   ■ França, José-Augusto. Lisboa Pombalina e o Iluminismo. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1977.

   ■ Moita, Irisalva, ed. O Livro de Lisboa. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1994.

   ■ Neves, Orlando. Lisboa em Crónica. Lisbon: Author's Ed., 1968.

   ■ Pavão, Luís, and Mário Pereira. Tabernas de Lisboa. Lisbon: Assírio & Alvim, 1981.

   ■ Pessoa, Fernando. Lisboa. O que o turista deve ver: What the Tourist Should See. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1997.

   ■ Queirós, José Maria Eça de. À Capital. Lisbon: Sá da Costa, 1960.

   ■ Santos, Piedade Braga, et al. Lisboa Setecentista vista por Estrangeiros. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1996.

   ■ Vieira, Alice. Esta Lisboa. Lisbon: Caminho, 1993.

   ■ Wright, David, and Patrick Swift. Lisbon: A Portrait and Guide. New York: Scribners, 1971.

   ■ The Inquisition in History

   ■ Azevedo, João Lúcio. Historia das Cristãos-Novos. Lisbon: Liv. Clássica, 1975.

   ■ Baião, António. A Inquisição em Portugal e no Brasil: Subsídios para a sua história. Lisbon: Arquivo Histórico Portugues, 1906. Bethencourt, Francisco. "Portugal: A Scrupulous Inquisition," In Bengt Ankarloo and Gustav Henningsen, eds., Early Modern Witchcraft: Centres and Peripheries, 403-22. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990.

   ■. "Os equilíbrios sociais do Poder." In José Mattoso, ed., Historia De Portugal, Vol. 3, No Alvorecer Da Modernidade ( 1480-1620). Lisbon: Estampa, 1993.

   ■. História das Inquisições: Portugal, Espanha e Itália. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1994.

   ■ Braga, Maria Luísa. A Inquisição em Portugal na primeira metade do Séc. XVIII. Lisbon: Inst. Nacional de Investigação Científica, 1992.

   ■ Haliczer, Stephen, ed. Inquisition and Society in Early Modern Europe. London: Croom Helm, 1987.

   ■ Herculano, Alexandre. History of the Origin and Establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal. Reprint. New York: AMS Press, 1968.

   ■ Magalhães, Joaquim Romero. "Em Busca dos Tempos da Inquisição (15731615)." Revista de História das Ideias 9 (1987): 191-228.

   ■ Mea, Elvira Cunha Azevedo. A Inquisição de Coimbra no Século XVI. Oporto, 1989.

   ■ Mendonça, José Lourenço D. de, and António Joaquim Moreira. História da Inquisição em Portugal. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1980.

   ■ Novinsky, Anita, and Luísa M. Carneiro, eds. Inquisição: Ensaios sobre Mentalidade, Heresias e Arte. Rio de Janeiro: Expressão e Cultura, 1992.

   ■ Pereira, Isais da Rosa. Documentos para a história da Inquisição em Portugal. Lisbon, 1987.

   ■ Rego, Yvonne Cunha, ed. Feiticeiros, Profetas e Visionários: Textos Antigos Portugueses. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional e Casa da Moeda, 1981.

   ■ Saraiva, António José. Inquisição e cristãos-novos. Lisbon: Estampa, 1985.

   ■ Walker, Timothy Dale. "Doctors, Folk Medicine and the Inquisition: The Repression of Popular Healing in Portugal during the Enlightenment Era." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of History, Boston University, 2001.

   ■ Literature in English Translation: Selection

   ■ Alcaforado, Mariana. The Letters of a Portuguese Nun ( Mariana Alcaforado). Edgar Prestage, trans. London: D. Nutt, 1893.

   ■ Andrade, Eugénio de. "White on White." Alexis Levitin, trans. Quarterly Review of Literature. Poetry Series VIII. Vol. 27. Princeton, N.J., 1987.

   ■. Another Name for Earth; O outro nome da terra. Alexis Levitin, trans. Ft. Bragg, Calif.: QED Press, 1997.

   ■ Andresen, Sophia de Mello Breyner. Marine Rose: Selected Poems. Ruth Fain-light, trans. Redding Ridge, Conn.: Swan Books, 1989.

   ■ Antunes, António Lobo. South of Nowhere. Elizabeth Lowe, trans. New York: Random House, 1983.

   ■. Fado Alexandrino. Gregory Rabassa, trans. New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1990.

   ■. An Explanation of the Birds. Richard Zenith, trans. New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1991.

   ■. Act of the Damned. New York: Grove Press, 1995.

   ■. The Natural Order of Things. New York: Grove Press, 2000.

   ■ Barreno, Maria Isabel, Maria Teresa Horta, and Maria Velho da Costa. The Three Marias: New Portuguese Letters. Helen R. Lane, trans. New York: Doubleday, 1975.

   ■ Bell, Aubrey F. G. Poems from the Portuguese ( with the Portuguese text). A.

   ■ Bell, trans. Oxford: Blackwell, 1913.

   ■ Camões, Luís de. The Lusiads of Luís de Camões. Leonard Bacon, trans. New York: Hispanic Society of America, 1950.

   ■. The Lusiads. William C. Atkinson, trans. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1952.

   ■. The Lusiads. Landeg White, trans. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.

   ■ Castelo Branco, Camilo. Doomed Love ( A Family Memoir). Alice R. Clemente, trans Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1995. Castro, José Maria Ferreira de. Emigrants. Dorothy Ball, trans. New York: Macmillan, 1962.

   ■. Jungle. Charles Duff, trans. New York: Viking, 1935.

   ■. The Mission. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Hamilton, 1963.

   ■ Dantas, Júlio. The Cardinals' Collation, 48th ed. A. Saintsbury, trans. London, 1962.

   ■ Dias de Melo. Dark Stones. Gregory McNab, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1996.

   ■ Dinis, Júlio. The Fidalgos of Casa Mourisca. Rosanna Dabney, trans. Boston: D. Lothrop, 1891.

   ■ Garrett, Almeida. Brother Luiz de Sousa [play]. Edgar Prestage, trans. London: Elkin Mathess, 1909.

   ■. Travels in My Homeland. John M. Parker, trans. London: Peter Owen and UNESCO, 1987. Griffin, Jonathan. Camões: Some Poems Translated from the Portuguese by Jonathan Griffin. London: Menard Press, 1976. Jorge, Lídia. The Murmuring Coast. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1995.

   ■ Lisboa, Eugénio, ed. Portuguese Short Fiction. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1997.

   ■ Lopes, Fernão. The English in Portugal 1367-87: Extracts from the Chronicles of Dom Fernando and Dom João. Derek W. Lomax and R. J. Oakley, eds. and trans. Warminster, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1988.

   ■ Macedo, Helder, ed. Contemporary Portuguese Poetry: An Anthology in English. Helder Macedo, et al., trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet New Press, 1978.

   ■ Martins, J. P. De Oliveira. A History of Iberian Civilization. Aubrey F. G. Bell, trans.; preface by Salvador de Madariaga. New York: Cooper Square, 1969.

   ■ Mendes Pinto, Fernão. The Travels of Mendes Pinto [Orig. title: Peregrinação].

   ■ Rebecca D. Catz, trans., with introduction and notes. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989. Miguéis, José Rodrigues. A Man Smiles at Death with Half a Face. George

   ■ Monteiro, trans. Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England, 1991.

   ■. Happy Easter. John Byrne, trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1995.

   ■. Steerage and Ten Other Stories. George Monteiro, ed. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1998. Monteiro, Luís De Sttau. The Rules of the Game. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Hamilton, 1965.

   ■ Mourão-Ferreira, David. Lucky in Love. Christine Robinson, trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1999. Namora, Fernando. Field of Fate. Dorothy Ball, trans. London: Macmillan, 1970.

   ■. Mountain Doctor. Dorothy Ball, trans. London: Macmillan, 1956.

   ■ Nemésio, Vitorino. Inclement Weather over the Channel. Francisco Cota Fagundes, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1993.

   ■. Stormy Isles: An Azorean Tale. Francisco C. Fagundes, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 2000.

   ■ Paço D'Arcos, Joaquim. Memoirs of a Banknote. Robert Lyle, trans. London, 1968.

   ■ Pedroso, Consiglieri, comp. Portuguese Folk-Tales. Henriqueta Monteiro, trans. Reprint of orig. 1882 ed. New York: Benjamin Blom, 1969.

   ■ Pessoa, Fernando. Fernando Pessoa: Sixty Portuguese Poems. F. E. G. Quintanilha, ed. and trans. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1971.

   ■. Selected Poems: Fernando Pessoa. 2nd rev. ed. Jonathan Griffin, trans. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1982.

   ■. The Book of Disquiet. Alfred MacAdams, trans. New York: Pantheon, 1991.

   ■. Fernando Pessoa: Selected Poems. Peter Rickard, ed. and trans. Edinburgh, U.K.: Edinburgh University Press, 1991.

   ■. "The Mariner: A 'Static Drama' in One Act." In Translation: Portugal.

   ■ George Ritchie, et al., trans. The Journal of Literary Translation. Vol. XXV, 38-56. New York: Translation Center, Columbia University, 1991.

   ■. Message: Bilingual Edition. Jonathan Griffin, trans. London: Menard Press and King's College, 1992.

   ■ Pires, José Cardoso. Ballad of a Dog's Beach. Mary Fitton, trans. London: J. M. Dent, 1986.

   ■ Queirós, José Maria Eça de. Cousin Bazilio. Roy Campbell, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1953.

   ■. The Relic. Aubrey F. G. Bell, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1954.

   ■. The City and the Mountains. Roy Campbell, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1955.

   ■. The Sin of Father Amaro. Nan Flanagan, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1962.

   ■. The Maias. Patricia McGowan Pinheiro, trans. London: Bodley Head, 1965.

   ■. The Illustrious House of Ramires. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Bodley Head, 1968.

   ■. Letters from England. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Bodley Head, 1970.

   ■. To the Capital. John Vetch, trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1995.

   ■ Quental, Antero de. Sixty-four Sonnets. Edgar Prestage, trans. London: David Nutt, 1894.

   ■ Redol, Alves. The Man with Seven Names. L. L. Barrett, trans. New York: Knopf, 1964.

   ■ Resende, André de. André deResende's 'Poema Latina'/ 'Latinpoems.' J. C. R. Martyn, ed. and trans. Lewiston N.Y.: Lampeter and Edwin Mellen, 1998. Ribeiro, Aquilino. When the Wolves Howl. Patricia McGowan Pinheiro, trans. New York: Macmillan; London: Cape, 1963. Sá Carneiro, Mário de. The Great Shadow ( and Other Stories). Margaret Jull Costa, trans. Sawtry, U.K.: Dedalus, 1996. Santareno, Bernardo. The Promise. Nelson H. Vieira, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1981.

   ■ Saramago, José. Baltasar and Blimunda. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1987.

   ■. The Stone Raft. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1991.

   ■. The Year of the Death of Ricardo Reis. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1991.

   ■. The History of the Siege of Lisbon. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1996.

   ■. Blindness. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1999.

   ■. Tale of the Unknown Island. New York: Harcourt Brace, 2000.

   ■. All the Names. Margaret Jull Costa, trans. New York: Harcourt, 2000.

   ■. Journey to Portugal. New York: Harcourt Brace, 2001.

   ■ Sena, Jorge de. The Poetry of Jorge de Sena: A Bilingual Selection. Frederick G. Williams et al., trans. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Mudborn Press, 1980.

   ■. By the Rivers of Babylon and Other Stories. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1989.

   ■ Vicente, Gil. Four Plays of Gil Vicente: Edited from the Editio Princeps ( 1562). Aubrey F. G. Bell, ed. and trans. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1920.

   ■. Lyrics of Gil Vicente. Aubrey F. G. Bell, trans. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Hispanic Notes and Monographs, Portuguese Series 1, 1921.

   ■. The Play of Rubena. Jack E. Tomlins, trans.; Rene P. Garay and José I. Suarez, eds. New York: National Hispanic Foundation for Humanities, 1993.

   ■. The Boat Plays. David Johnston, trans. and adaptation. London: Oberon, 1996.

   ■. Three Discovery Plays. Anthony Lappin, trans. Warminster, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1997.

   ■ Vieira, António. Dust Thou Art. Rev. W. Anderson, trans. London, 1882.

   ■ Portuguese and Portuguese-American Cooking: Cuisine

   ■ Anderson, Jean. Food of Portugal. New York: Hearst, 1994. Asselin, E. Donald. A Portuguese-American Cookbook. Rutland, Vt.: Charles E. Tuttle, 1966.

   ■ Bourne, Ursula. Portuguese Cookery. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1973. Crato, Maria Helena Tavares. Cozinha Portuguesa I, II. Lisbon: Editorial Presença, 1978.

   ■ Dienhart, Miriam, and Anne Emerson, ed. Cooking in Portugal. Cascais: American Women of Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Feibleman, Peter S. The Cooking of Spain and Portugal. New York: Time-Life Books; Foods of the World, 1969.

   ■ Koehler, Margaret H. Recipes from the Portuguese of Provincetown. Riverside, Conn.: Chatham Press, 1973. Manjny, Maite. The Home Book of Portuguese Cookery. London: Faber & Faber, 1974.

   ■ Marques, Susan Lowndes. Good Food from Spain and Portugal. London: Muller, 1956.

   ■ Modesto, Maria de Lourdes. Cozinha Tradicional Portuguesa. Lisbon: Verbo, 1982.

   ■ Ortiz, Elisabeth Lambert. The Food of Spain and Portugal. The Complete Iberian Cuisine. New York: Atheneum, 1989. Pinto, Elvira. La Bonne Cuisine Portugaise. Paris: Edicions Garanciere, 1985.

   ■ Robertson, Carol. Portuguese Cooking: The Authentic and Robust Cuisine of Portugal. Berkeley Calif.: North Atlantic, 1993. Schmaeling, Tony. The Cooking of Spain and Portugal. Ware, U.K.: Omega, 1983.

   ■ Vieira, Édite. The Taste of Portugal. London: Robinson, 1989.

   ■ Von Treskow, Maria. Zü Gast in Portugal: Eine Kulnarische Reise in Garten Europas. Weingarten: Kunstverlag, 1989. Wright, Carol. Portuguese Food. London: Dent, 1969.

   ■. Self-catering in Portugal: Making the Most of Local Food and Drink. London: Croom Helm, 1986.

   ■ Gardens and Gardening of Portugal and Madeira

   ■ Afonso, Simonetta Luz, and Angela Delaforce. Palace of Queluz— The Gardens. Lisbon, 1989.

   ■ Araújo, Iluídio Alves de. Arte Paisagista e Arte das Jardins em Portugal. Lisbon, 1962.

   ■ Azeredo, Francisco de. Casas Senhoriais Portuguesas. Barcelos, 1986.

   ■ Binney, Marcus. Country Manors of Portugal. New York: Scala Books, 1987.

   ■ Bowe, Patrick, and Nicolas Sapieha. Gardens of Portugal. New York: Scala Books and Harper and Row, 1989.

   ■ Cane, Florence du. The Flowers and Gardens of Madeira. London, 1924.

   ■ Cardoso, Pedro Homem, and Helder Carita. Da Grandeza das Jardins em Portugal. Lisbon, 1987.

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   ■ Feminism and Women's Studies

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   ■ Religion and Catholic Church

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   ■ Mattoso, José. Religião e Cultura na Idade Média Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1982. Miller, Samuel J. Portugal and Rome c. 1748-1830: An Aspect of Catholic Enlightenment. Rome: Universita Gregoriana Editrice, 1978. O'Malley, John W. The First Jesuits. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993.

   ■ Pattee, Richard. Portugal and the Portuguese World. Milwaukee, Wisc.: Bruce, 1957.

   ■ Prestage, Edgar. Portugal: A Pioneer of Christianity. Lisbon, 1945.

   ■ Richard, Robert. Etudes sur l'histoire morale et religieuse de Portugal. Paris: Centro Cultural de Gulbenkian, 1970.

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   ■ Rodrigues, R. P. Francisco. História da Companhia de Jesus na Assistência de Portugal, 7 vols. Lisbon, 1931-50.

   ■ Roth, Cecil. A History of the Marranos. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1932.

   ■ Agriculture, Viticulture, and Fishing

   ■ Abreu-Ferreira, Darlene. "The Portuguese in Newfoundland: Documentary Evidence Examined." Portuguese Studies Review 4, 1 (1995-96): 11-33.

   ■ Allen, H. Warner. The Wines of Portugal. London: Michael Joseph, 1963.

   ■ Barros, Afonso de. A reforma agrária em Portugal. Oeiras, 1979.

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   ■ Cabral, Manuel V. "Agrarian Structures and Recent Movements in Portugal." Journal of Peasant Studies 4, 5 (July 1978): 411-45.

   ■ Cardoso, José Carvalho. A Agricultura Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1973.

   ■ Carvalho, Bento de. Guía Dos Vinhos Portugueses. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■ Clarke, Robert. Open Boat Whaling in the Azores: The History and Present Methods of a Relic Industry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1954.

   ■ Cockburn, Ernest. Port Wine and Oporto. London: Wine & Spirit, 1949. Cole, S. C. "Cod, Cod Country and Family: The Portuguese Newfoundland Fishery." Mast 3, 1 (1990): 1-29.

   ■ Coull, James. The Fisheries of Europe. London: G. Bell & Sons, 1972.

   ■ Croft-Cooke, Rupert. Port. London: Putnam, 1957.

   ■. Madeira. London: Putnam, 1961.

   ■ Delaforce, John. The Factory House at Oporto. London: Christie's Wine Publications, 1979 and later eds.

   ■ Doel, Patricia A. Port O'Call: Memories of the Portuguese White Fleet in St. John's Newfoundland. St. John's, Newfoundland: ISER, 1992.

   ■ Fletcher, Wyndham. Port: An Introduction to Its History and Delights. London: Bernet, 1978.

   ■ Francis, A. D. The Wine Trade. London: Adam and Charles Black, 1972.

   ■ Freitas, Eduardo, João Ferreira de Almeida, and Manuel Villaverde Cabral. Modalidades de penetração do capitalismo na agricultura: estruturas agrárias em Portugal Continental, 1950-1970. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■ Gonçalves, Francisco Esteves. Portugal: A Wine Country. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■ Gulbenkian Foundation. Agrarian Reform. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■ Kurlansky, Mark. Cod: A Biography of the Fish That Changed the World. New York: Walker, 1997.

   ■ Malefakis, Edward. "Two Iberian Land Reforms Compared: Spain, 1931-1936 and Portugal, 1974—1978." In Gulbenkian Foundation, Agrarian Reform. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■ Moreira da Fonseca, A. Port Wine: Notes on Its History, Production and Technology. Oporto, 1981.

   ■ Moutinho, M. História da pesca do bacalhau. Lisbon: Imprensa Universitária, 1985.

   ■ Oliveira Marques, A. H. de. lntrodução a história da agricultura em Portugal.

   ■ Lisbon, 1968. Pato, Octávio. O Vinho. Lisbon, 1971.

   ■ Pearson, Scott R. Portuguese Agriculture in Transition. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1987.

   ■ Postgate, Raymond. Portuguese Wine. London: Dent, 1969.

   ■ Read, Jan. The Wines of Portugal. London: Faber & Faber, 1982.

   ■ Robertson, George. Port. London: Faber & Faber, 1982 ed.

   ■ Rutledge, Ian. "Land Reform and the Portuguese Revolution." Journal of Peasant Studies 5, 1 (Oct. 1977): 79-97.

   ■ Sanceau, Elaine. The British Factory at Oporto. Oporto, 1970.

   ■ Simon, Andre L. Port. London: Constable, 1934.

   ■ Simões, J. Os grandes trabalhadores do Mar: Reportagens na Terra Nova e na Groenlândia. Lisbon: Gazeta dos Caminho de Ferro, 1942.

   ■ Smith, Diana. Portugal and the Challenge of 1992: Special Report. New York: Camões Center/RIIC, Columbia University, 1990.

   ■ Stanislawski, Dan. Landscapes of Bacchus: The Vine in Portugal. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1970.

   ■ Teixeira, Carlos, and Victor M. Pereira da Rosa, eds. The Portuguese in Canada: From the Seat to the City. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2000.

   ■ Unwin, Tim. "Farmers' Perceptions of Agrarian Change in Northwest Portugal." Journal of Rural Studies 1, 4 (1985): 339-57.

   ■ Valadão do Valle, E. Bacalhau: tradições históricas e económicos. Lisbon, 1991.

   ■ Venables, Bernard. Baleia! The Whalers of Azores. London: Bodley Head, 1968.

   ■ Villiers, Alan. The Quest of the Schooner Argus: A Voyage to the Banks and Greenland. New York: Scribners, 1951. World Bank. Portugal: Agricultural Survey. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978.

   ■ ECONOMY, INDUSTRY, AND DEVELOPMENT

   ■ Aiyer, Srivain, and Shahid A. Chandry. Portugal and the E.E.C.: Employment and Implications. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Baklanoff, Eric N. The Economic Transformation of Spain and Portugal. New York: Praeger, 1978.

   ■. "Changing Systems: The Portuguese Revolution and the Public Enterprise Sector." ACES ( Association of Comparative Economic Studies) Bulletin 26 (Summer-Fall 1984): 63-76.

   ■. "Portugal's Political Economy: Old and New." In K. Maxwell and M. Haltzel, eds., Portugal: Ancient Country, Young Democracy, 37-59. Washington, D.C.: Wilson Center Press, 1990.

   ■ Barbosa, Manuel P. Growth, Migration and the Balance of Payments in a Small, Open Economy. New York: Garland, 1984.

   ■ Braga de Macedo, Jorge, and Simon Serfaty, eds. Portugal since the Revolution: Economic and Political Perspectives. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1981.

   ■ Carvalho, Camilo, et al. Sabotagem Econômica: " Dossier" Banco Espírito Santo e Comercial de Lisboa. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Corkill, David. The Development of the Portuguese Economy: A Case of Euro-peanization. London: Routledge, 1999.

   ■ Cravinho, João. "The Portuguese Economy: Constraints and Opportunities." In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s, 111-65. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Dornsbusch, Rudiger, Richard S. Eckhaus, and Lane Taylor. "Analysis and Projection of Macroeconomic Conditions in Portugal." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal, 299-330. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■ The Economist (London). "On the Edge of Europe: A Survey of Portugal." (June 30, 1981): 3-27.

   ■. "Coming Home: A Survey of Portugal." (May 28, 1988).

   ■. 'The New Iberia: Not Quite Kissing Cousins" [Spain and Portugal]. (May 5, 1990): 21-24.

   ■ Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian and German Marshall Fund of the U.S., eds. II Conferência Internacional sobre e Economia Portuguesa, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Hudson, Mark. Portugal to 1993: Investing in a European Future. London: The Economist Intelligence Unit/Special Report No. 11 57/EIU Economic Prospects Series, 1989.

   ■ International Labour Office (ILO). Employment and Basic Needs in Portugal. Geneva: ILO, 1979.

   ■ Kavalsky, Basil, and Surendra Agarwal. Portugal: Current and Prospective Economic Trends. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978.

   ■ Krugman, Paul, and Jorge Braga de Macedo. "The Economic Consequences of the April 25th Revolution." Economia III (1979): 455-83.

   ■ Lewis, John R., and Alan M. Williams. "The Sines Project: Portugal's Growth Centre or White Elephant?" Town Planning Review 56, 3 (1985): 339-66.

   ■ Makler, Harry M. "The Consequences of the Survival and Revival of the Industrial Bourgeoisie." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 251-83. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Marques, A. La Politique Economique Portugaise dans la Période de la Dictature ( 1926-1974). Doctoral thesis, 3rd cycle, University of Grenoble, France, 1980.

   ■ Martins, B. Sociedades e grupos em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973.

   ■ Mata, Eugenia, and Nuno Valério. História Econômica De Portugal: Uma Perspectiva Global. Lisbon: Edit. Presença, 1994. Murteira, Mário. "The Present Economic Situation: Its Origins and Prospects." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal, 331-42. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979. OCED. Economic Survey: Portugal: 1988. Paris: OCED, 1988 [see also this series since 1978].

   ■ Pasquier, Albert. L'Economie du Portugal: Données et Problémes de Son Expansion. Paris: Librarie Generale de Droit, 1961. Pereira da Moura, Francisco. Para onde vai e economia portuguesa? Lisbon, 1973.

   ■ Pintado, V. Xavier. Structure and Growth of the Portuguese Economy. Geneva: EFTA, 1964.

   ■ Pitta e Cunha, Paulo. "Portugal and the European Economic Community." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 321-38. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■. "The Portuguese Economic System and Accession to the European Community." In E. Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-1984, 281-300. Lisbon, 1985. Porto, Manuel. "Portugal: Twenty Years of Change." In Alan Williams, ed., Southern Europe Transformed, 84-112. London: Harper & Row, 1984. Quarterly Economic Review. London: The Economist Intelligence Unit, 1974-present.

   ■ Salgado de Matos, Luís. Investimentos Estrangeiros em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973 and later eds.

   ■ Schmitt, Hans O. Economic Stabilisation and Growth in Portugal. Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund, 1981.

   ■ Smith, Diana. Portugal and the Challenge of 1992. New York: Camões Center, RIIC, Columbia University, 1989.

   ■ Tillotson, John. The Portuguese Bank Note Case [ 1920s]: Legal, Economic and Financial Approaches to the Measure of Damages in Contract. Manchester, U.K.: Faculty of Law, University of Manchester, 1992.

   ■ Tovias, Alfred. Foreign Economic Relations of the Economic Community: The Impact of Spain and Portugal. Boulder, Colo.: Rienner, 1990.

   ■ Valério, Nuno. A moeda em Portugal, 1913-1947. Lisbon: Sá da Costa, 1984.

   ■. As Finanças Públicas Portuguesas Entre As Duas Guerras Mundiais. Lisbon: Cosmos, 1994.

   ■ World Bank. Portugal: Current and Prospective Economic Trends. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978 and to the present.

   ■ PHOTOGRAPHY ON PORTUGAL

   ■ Alves, Afonso Manuel, Antônio Sacchetti, and Moura Machado. Lisboa. Lisbon, 1991.

   ■ Antunes, José. Lisboa do nosso olhar; A look on Lisbon. Lisbon: Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, 1991. Beaton, Cecil. Near East. London: Batsford, 1943.

   ■. Lisboa 1942: Cecil Beaton, Lisbon 1942. Lisbon: British Historical Society of Portugal/Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, 1995.

   ■ Bottineau, Yves. Portugal. London: Thames & Hudson, 1957.

   ■ Câmara Municipal de Lisboa. 7 Olhares ( Seven Viewpoints). Lisbon: Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, 1998.

   ■ Capital, A. Lisboa: Imagens d'A Capital. Lisbon: Edit. Notícias, 1984.

   ■ Dias, Marina Tavares. Photographias de Lisboa, 1900 ( Photographs of Lisbon, 1900). Lisbon: Quimera, 1991.

   ■. Os melhores postais antigos de Lisboa ( The best old postcards of Lisbon). Lisbon: Químera, 1995.

   ■ Finlayson, Graham, and Frank Tuohy. Portugal. London: Thames & Hudson, 1970.

   ■ Glassner, Helga. Portugal. Berlin-Zurich: Atlantis-Verlag, 1942. Hopkinson, Amanda, ed. Reflections by Ten Portuguese photographers. Bark-way, U.K.: Frontline/Portugal 600, 1996.

   ■ Lima, Luís Leiria, and Isabel Salema. Lisboa de Pedra e Bronze. Lisbon, 1990.

   ■ Martins, Miguel Gomes. Lisboa ribeirinha ( Riverside Lisbon). Lisbon: Arquivo Municipal, Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, Livros Horizonte, 1994. Vieira, Alice. Esta Lisboa ( This Lisbon). Lisbon: Caminho, 1994. Wohl, Hellmut, and Alice Wohl. Portugal. London: Frederick Muller, 1983.

   ■ EQUESTRIANISM

   ■ Andrade, Manoel Carlos de, Luz da Liberal e Nobre Arte da Cavallaria. Lisbon, 1790.

   ■ Graciosa, Filipe. Escola Portuguesa de Arte Equestre. Lisbon, 2004.

   ■ Horsetalk Magazine. Published in New Zealand.

   ■ Oliveira, Nuno. Reflections on the Equestrian Art. London, 2000.

   ■ Russell, Eleanor, ed. The Truth in the Teaching of Nuno Oliveira. Stanhope,

   ■ Queensland, Australia, 2003. Vilaca, Luis V., and Pedro Yglesias d'Oliveira, eds. LUSITANO. Coudelarias De Portugal. O Cavalo ancestral do Sudoeste da Europa. Lisbon: ICONOM, 2005.

   ■ Websites of interest: www.equestrian.pt portugalweb.com

Historical dictionary of Portugal > CULTURE, LITERATURE, AND LANGUAGE
13 Gurney, Sir Goldsworthy

SUBJECT AREA: Automotive engineering, Land transport, Mining and extraction technology, Steam and internal combustion engines

[br]

b. 14 February 1793 Treator, near Padstow, Cornwall, England

d. 28 February 1875 Reeds, near Bude, Cornwall, England

[br]

English pioneer of steam road transport.

[br]

Educated at Truro Grammar School, he then studied under Dr Avery at Wadebridge to become a doctor of medicine. He settled as a surgeon in Wadebridge, spending his leisure time in building an organ and in the study of chemistry and mechanical science. He married Elizabeth Symons in 1814, and in 1820 moved with his wife to London. He delivered a course of lectures at the Surrey Institution on the elements of chemical science, attended by, amongst others, the young Michael Faraday. While there, Gurney made his first invention, the oxyhydrogen blowpipe. For this he received the Gold Medal of the Society of Arts. He experimented with lime and magnesia for the production of an illuminant for lighthouses with some success. He invented a musical instrument of glasses played like a piano.

In 1823 he started experiments related to steam and locomotion which necessitated taking a partner in to his medical practice, from which he resigned shortly after. His objective was to produce a steam-driven vehicle to run on common roads. His invention of the steam-jet of blast greatly improved the performance of the steam engine. In 1827 he took his steam carriage to Cyfarthfa at the request of Mr Crawshaw, and while there applied his steam-jet to the blast furnaces, greatly improving their performance in the manufacture of iron. Much of the success of George Stephenson's steam engine, the Rocket was due to Gurney's steam blast.

In July 1829 Gurney made a historic trip with his road locomotive. This was from London to Bath and back, which was accomplished at a speed of 18 mph (29 km/h) and was made at the instigation of the Quartermaster-General of the Army. So successful was the carriage that Sir Charles Dance started to run a regular service with it between Gloucester and Cheltenham. This ran for three months without accident, until Parliament introduced prohibitive taxation on all self-propelled vehicles. A House of Commons committee proposed that these should be abolished as inhibiting progress, but this was not done. Sir Goldsworthy petitioned Parliament on the harm being done to him, but nothing was done and the coming of the railways put the matter beyond consideration. He devoted his time to finding other uses for the steam-jet: it was used for extinguishing fires in coal-mines, some of which had been burning for many years; he developed a stove for the production of gas from oil and other fatty substances, intended for lighthouses; he was responsible for the heating and the lighting of both the old and the new Houses of Parliament. His evidence after a colliery explosion resulted in an Act of Parliament requiring all mines to have two shafts. He was knighted in 1863, the same year that he suffered a stroke which incapacitated him. He retired to his house at Reeds, near Bude, where he was looked after by his daughter, Anna.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Knighted 1863. Society of Arts Gold Medal.

IMcN

Biographical history of technology > Gurney, Sir Goldsworthy
14 column

ˈkɔləm сущ.
1) архит. колонна column foot
2) перен. поддержка He did not require a religion to be the column of society. ≈ Он не требовал, чтобы религия была опорой общества. Syn: support
1.
3) столб(ик) (воды, воздуха и т. п., напоминающий по форме колонну) production of musical sounds by the vibrations of a column of air in a pipe ≈ порождение музыкальных звуков с помощью колебаний столбика воздуха в трубке column of mercury ≈ столбик ртути (в термометре)
4) столбец, колонка, графа;
преим. мн. колонка, раздел( в газете, журнале), колонка (обзор постоянного корреспондента) gossip column ≈ колонка светской хроники M. Temple, who had charge of the "Men and Matters" column ≈ М. Темпл, отвечающий за колонку "Люди и дела"
5) анат. позвоночный столб, позвоночник Syn: spine
6) воен. колонна;
мор. строй кильватера column of route ≈ походная колонна in column ≈ в колонне, в затылок;
мор. в строю кильватера (архитектура) колонна столб(ик) ;
- * of water столб воды - * of mercury ртутный столбик в термометре столбец, колонка;
графа;
- newspaper * газетный столбец;
- * of figures столбец цифр;
- in our *s на страницах нашей газеты отдел, раздел, рубрика;
- financial * финансовый отдел;
финансовая страница обзор;
колонка постоянного комментатора в газете (американизм) столп, поддержка, опора( военное) колонна;
- close * сомкнутая колонна;
- * of files колонна по одному( техническое) колонна;
- absorbing * абсорбционная колонна( техническое) стойка( станка) (техническое) колонка (рулевая и т. п.) (американизм) (морское) строй кильватера;
- in * в кильватерном строю (анатомия) позвоночник, позвоночный столб balance ~ вчт. итоговая колонка column полигр. графа ~ колонка ~ полигр. колонка ~ воен. колонна;
амер. мор. строй кильватера;
close column сомкнутая колонна;
in column в колонне, в затылок;
амер. мор. в строю кильватера ~ архит. колонна ~ полигр. отдел ~ раздел ~ полигр. рубрика ~ столб(ик) ;
column of mercury столбик ртути (в термометре) ;
column of smoke столб дыма ~ столбец (напр., цифр) ;
графа;
newspaper column газетный столбец;
in our columns на страницах нашей газеты ~ столбец ~ вчт. столбец ~ полигр. столбец ~ столп, поддержка, опора ~ attr.: ~ foot архит. база колонны ~ attr.: ~ foot архит. база колонны ~ of figures полигр. колонка цифр ~ столб(ик) ;
column of mercury столбик ртути (в термометре) ;
column of smoke столб дыма ~ столб(ик) ;
column of mercury столбик ртути (в термометре) ;
column of smoke столб дыма debit ~ дебетовая колонка double ~ двойной столбец ~ воен. колонна;
амер. мор. строй кильватера;
close column сомкнутая колонна;
in column в колонне, в затылок;
амер. мор. в строю кильватера in ~ полигр. в колонку ~ столбец (напр., цифр) ;
графа;
newspaper column газетный столбец;
in our columns на страницах нашей газеты mark-sensing ~ вчт. колонка для меток ~ столбец (напр., цифр) ;
графа;
newspaper column газетный столбец;
in our columns на страницах нашей газеты table ~ графа таблицы vacuum ~ вакуумная колонка

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > column
15 resource

rɪˈsɔ:s
1. сущ.
1) обыкн. мн.;
прям. и перен. запасы, ресурсы, средства;
природные богатства to develop, exploit, tap resources ≈ разрабатывать полезные ископаемые to husband one's resource ≈ умело управлять своими ресурсами to pool, share one's resource ≈ объединять ресурсы, совместно использовать ресурсы economic resources ≈ экономические ресурсы, объекты natural resources ≈ природные богатства untapped resources ≈ неиспользованные ресурсы
2) а) способ, средство б) возможность, шанс without /beyond/ resource ≈безнадежно, безвозвратно We have the resource to do the job. ≈ У нас есть возможность сделать работу. ∙ Syn: method, means, expedient, device, shift
3) способ, средство развлечения, отдыха He has a resource in the chase, an occupation, ever ready at hand. ≈ Его основное развлечение это охота, всегда доступное занятие.
4) изобретательность, находчивость;
умение выходить из трудного положения She showed great resource at problem solving. ≈ Она проявляет большую изобретательность в разрешении проблем. Syn: quick wit, inventiveness, resourcefulness
2. гл. снабжать (деньгами оборудованием и т.п.) The school must be resourced with musical instruments. ≈ Школу необходимо снабдить музыкальными инструментами. обыкн. pl (материальные) запасы, ресурсы, средства - natural *s естественные ресурсы /богатства/ - to be at the end of one's *s исчерпать все запасы - the *s in men and ammunition( военное) резерв личного состава и боеприпасов духовные ресурсы;
внутреннее содержание человека - to have inner *s to fall back on опираться на свои собственные духовные силы - he has no inner *s of character его натуре не хватает внутренней содержательности возможность, средство, способ - to be at the end of one's *s исчерпать все возможности - to draw upon one's own *s обойтись своими средствами - to make the most of one's *s до конца использовать свои возможности - his only remaining * was flight ему оставалось лишь одно - бежать - deception was his only * он рассчитывал лишь на обман времяпрепровождение, занятие (во время отдыха) ;
отдых, развлечение - reading had been her chief * она обычно отдыхала за книгой - leave him to his own *s не надо его занимать, пусть он сам себя развлекает /сам займется, чем хочет/ находчивость, изобретательность - full of * изобретательный - man of great * изобретательный человек шанс;
вероятность спасения, помощи и т. п. - without /beyond/ * безнадежно, безвозвратно (компьютерное) ресурс - * allocation распределение ресурсов;
предоставление ресурса, выделение ресурса - * sharing совместное использование ресурса resource возможность, способ, средство;
to be at the end of one's resources исчерпать все возможности computational ~ вчт. вычислительный ресурс critical ~ вчт. дефицитный ресурс dollar ~ вчт. денежные ресурсы ~ находчивость, изобретательность;
full of resource изобретательный production ~ производственные ресурсы ~ способ времяпрепровождения;
развлечение;
reading is a great resource in illness чтение - хорошее занятие во время болезни resource возможность, способ, средство;
to be at the end of one's resources исчерпать все возможности ~ возможность ~ изобретательность ~ находчивость, изобретательность;
full of resource изобретательный ~ находчивость ~ вчт. ресурс ~ (обыкн. pl) ресурсы, средства, запасы;
natural resources природные богатства ~ способ ~ способ времяпрепровождения;
развлечение;
reading is a great resource in illness чтение - хорошее занятие во время болезни ~ средство reusable ~ вчт. многократно используемый ресурс system ~ вчт. системный ресурс

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > resource
16 mode

[məʋd] n
1. метод, способ

mode of production - полит.-эк. способ производства

mode of publication - способ издания ( книг) [см. тж. 3]

mode of operation - спец. способ или режим работы

2. образ действий; манера

mode of life - образ жизни

mode of speaking [dressing] - манера говорить [одеваться]

3. форма, вид

mode of publication - форма /вид/ издания ( книг) [см. тж. 1]

musical and literary modes of expression - музыкальная и литературная формы выражения

mode of combat - воен. вид боевых действий

mode of decay - физ. тип /форма, схема/ распада

4. мода, обычай

today such a thing is the mode - сейчас такие вещи в моде; теперь мода на такие вещи

after the mode of France - а) на французский манер /лад/; б) по французскому обычаю; как принято во Франции

5. грам. уст. наклонение

6. муз. лад, тональность

7. лог. модальность суждения

8. геол. действительный минералогический состав породы

9. мода ( в математической статистике)

10. физ. тип движения; мода (напр. колебаний)

НБАРС > mode
17 effect

1) эффект; явление

2) влияние; (воз)действие || воздействовать

3) результат, следствие

4) производить; совершать; исполнять; осуществлять

5) трикотажное переплетение

•

in ground effect — в зоне влияния земли ( о полёте); с учётом влияния земли;

out of ground effect — вне зоны влияния земли ( о полёте)

effect of earthquake — последствие землетрясения

effect of force — действие (влияние) силы

effect of loading — следствие приложения нагрузки

effect of solubility — эффект растворимости

-
abrasing effect
-
accordion effect
-
acoustoelectric effect
-
acoustoresistive effect
-
activation effect
-
adjacency effects
-
adsorption effect
-
Albert effect
-
anode effect
-
anticrease effect
-
arch effect
-
Auger effect
-
autocatalytic effect
-
avalanche effect
-
Barkhausen effect
-
Becquerel effect
-
biological effect
-
blackout effect
-
blast effect
-
blockage effect
-
border effect
-
boundary effect
-
Bragg effect
-
braking effect
-
branching effect
-
bulk effect
-
Callier effect
-
capillary effect
-
capture effect
-
cartooning effect
-
cartoon effect
-
caster effect
-
catalytic effect
-
cavity resonance effect
-
changing quality effect
-
channel effect
-
channeling effect
-
chilling effect
-
chimney effect
-
chugging effect
-
Clayden effect
-
climatic effect
-
Coanda effect
-
comet effect
-
compressibility effect
-
Compton effect
-
constant thrust effect
-
contrast effect
-
controlled cooling effect
-
cooling effect
-
corona effect
-
corrosive effect
-
coupling effect
-
crawling effect
-
crevice effect
-
crimping effect
-
cross effect
-
cross-magnetizing effect
-
crowding effect
-
cryoprotective effect
-
cushioning effect
-
damming effect
-
Debot effect
-
deleterious effect
-
Dellinger effect
-
Dember effect
-
de-skilling effect
-
destructive effect
-
detrimental effect
-
devastating effect
-
diffusion effect
-
digital production effect
-
digital special effect
-
digital video effect
-
directional effect
-
disordering effect
-
dispersion effect
-
dissipative effect
-
distance effect of damming
-
disturbing effect
-
Doppler effect
-
dynatron effect
-
echo effect
-
ecological effect
-
Ederhard's effect
-
Ederhard effect
-
edge effect
-
Edison effect
-
electrocaloric effect
-
electroosmotic effect
-
electrophonic effect
-
electrophoretic effect
-
electroviscous effect
-
emitter dip effect
-
end effect
-
environmental effect
-
Esaki effect
-
exposure effect
-
failure effect
-
Faraday effect
-
fatigue effect
-
feedback effect
-
Ferranti effect
-
ferroelectric effect
-
field effect
-
flicker effect
-
flow history effect
-
flue effect
-
force-frequency effect
-
fringe effect
-
gallery effect
-
galvanomagnetic effect
-
gap effect
-
gettering effect
-
glint effect
-
greenhouse effect
-
ground effect
-
Gunn effect
-
gyromagnetic effect
-
gyroscopic effect
-
Haas effect
-
Hall effect
-
halo effect
-
heat effect
-
Herschel effect
-
high-field effect
-
hothouse effect
-
hydration effect
-
hysteresis effect
-
image effect
-
incondensable effect
-
instability effect
-
interface effects
-
interference effect
-
interline-flicker effect
-
inverted barometer effect
-
ionic strength effect
-
ion strength effect
-
island effect
-
Johnson-Rahbek effect
-
Josephson effect
-
Joule effect
-
Joule-Thomson effect
-
Kelvin effect
-
Kerr effect
-
keystone effect
-
Kostinsky's effect
-
Kostinsky effect
-
lag effect
-
level quantizing effect
-
long-line effect
-
lubricating effect
-
magnetoelastic effect
-
magnetoelectric effect
-
magnetoresistive effect
-
magnetostrictive effect
-
magnetron effect
-
mass effect
-
microphonic effect
-
minimum-size effect
-
mirror effect
-
mixed alkali effect
-
moire effect
-
multiaccelerator effect
-
multipath effect
-
musical effects
-
net effect
-
nonnuclear effect
-
notch impact effect
-
nuclear effect
-
orange-peel effect
-
pairing effect
-
Peltier effect
-
photochemical effect
-
photochromic effect
-
photoconductive effect
-
photoelastic effect
-
photoelectric effect
-
photographic effect
-
photorefractive effect
-
photovoltaic effect
-
piezoelectric effect
-
piezomagnetic effect
-
piezoresistance effect
-
pile-up effect
-
pinch effect
-
pincushion effect
-
plastering effect
-
plastic effect
-
poisonous effect
-
polarization effect
-
pollution effect
-
posterization effect
-
postproduction effects
-
precedence effect
-
presence effect
-
printthrough effect
-
processing effect
-
promoting effect
-
propagation effect
-
protective effect
-
proximity effect
-
punch-through effect
-
radiation effect
-
ram effect
-
Raman effect
-
reciprocity effect
-
refrigerating effect
-
relief effect
-
remote effect
-
residual effect
-
rewet-conduction effect
-
rewet-precooling effect
-
Richardson effect
-
ringing effect
-
ripple effect
-
rocky-point effect
-
rod shadow effect
-
roll-over effect
-
Ross effect
-
rotary wipe effects
-
rotational effect
-
rubberlike effect
-
S effect
-
Sabattier effect
-
salting-in effect
-
salting-out effect
-
schlieren effect
-
Schottky effect
-
Schwarzschild effect
-
screening effect
-
Seebeck effect
-
selective effect
-
self-demagnetization effect
-
self-energizing effect
-
self-shielding effect
-
sensible cooling effect
-
shape memory effect
-
shattering effect
-
shot effect
-
shoulder effect
-
side effect
-
sink effect
-
skin effect
-
skin-core effect
-
skinning effect
-
slipstream effect
-
smearing effect
-
solvation effect
-
sound effects
-
space-charge effect
-
spacing effect
-
spatial defocusing effect
-
spill effect
-
spin wipe effects
-
split-screen effect
-
stack effect
-
Stark effect
-
stereo effect
-
stiffening effect
-
streaking effect
-
stream-line effect
-
stroboscopic effect
-
suppressing effect
-
surface effect
-
surging effect
-
swooping effect
-
synergistic effect
-
temperature effect
-
tensoresistive effect
-
thermal effect
-
thermal transpiration effect
-
thermoelectric effect
-
Thomson effect
-
threshold effect
-
time-edge effect
-
timeedge effect
-
transients effect
-
triboelectric effect
-
trick effects
-
tunneling effect
-
tunnel effect
-
vacancy wind effect
-
venetian blind effect
-
video mosaic effect
-
Villard's effect
-
Villard effect
-
Volta effect
-
volumetric refrigerating effect
-
wake effect
-
wall effect
-
wall-quenching effect
-
weather effect
-
wedging effect
-
white effect
-
Wigner effect
-
wipe screen effect

Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > effect
18 SA

1) Общая лексика: социальная ответственность (стандарт SA 8000 'Social Accountability')

2) Компьютерная техника: Scalable Architecture, Set Attribute, Shutdown Acknowledged

3) Геология: Спектральный анализ ( Spectral analysis)

4) Медицина: sacrum anterior, serum albumin (концентрация альбумина в сыворотке крови)

5) Американизм: Set Aside, Special Application, Support Administration

6) Спорт: Sets Against

7) Военный термин: Logistics Staff Officer, Secretary of the Army, Security Administrator, Seventh Army, Situation Analysis, Situation Awareness, Situational Awareness (4) Signals Analysis, South Australian, Space Applications, Special Act, Springfield armory, Stand Alone, Surprise Attack, Systems Administrator, Systems Architecture, safety analysis, scientific adviser, security assistance, selected ammunition, semiactive, senior adviser, service action, service adviser, service arm, servo assembly, ship-to-aircraft, shipping authority, signal analysis, signal analyzer, signature analysis, simple alert, single-action, site activation, slow-acting, small arms, snap-action, special actions, special agent, special area, special assignment, special assistant, specific activity, spectrum analysis, staging area, standby altimeter, storage area, subassembly, subject to approval, subsistence allowance, substitution authorization, supervisory authority, supplemental agreement, supply agency, supply area, support agency, supporting arms, surface area, surface attack, surface-to-air, system approach, systems analysis, used to identify FSU Surface-to-Air Missiles, e.g., SA-7/GRAIL

8) Техника: Securities Art, acoustic sweep, safety & assessment department, satellite astronomy, separate amplifiers, service air, servoamplifier, signal attenuation, slow-acting relay, spaceborne astronomy, spacecraft adapter, supplement agreement, supporting agency, switching device

9) Сельское хозяйство: Sustainable Agriculture

10) Химия: Silver Azide

11) Математика: анализ систем (systems analysis), самосопряжённый (self-adjoint), сигнатурный анализ (signature analysis), системный подход (systems approach)

12) Религия: Supreme Allah

13) Железнодорожный термин: Norfolk Southern Railway Company

14) Юридический термин: Side Arm

15) Экономика: societe anonima

16) Грубое выражение: Sex Angle, Sexy Adventures, Sore Arse

17) Металлургия: Submerged Arc

18) Телекоммуникации: Source Address, Subarea

19) Сокращение: Arsine (Chemical warfare blood agent), Salvation Army, Sanskrit, Saturday, Saudi Arabia (NATO country code), Scientific Adviser (UK), Seaman Apprentice, Securities Act, Selective Availability (GPS), Selective Availability, Service Assistant, Situational Awareness, Sociedad Anonima (Spain, Venezuela), Sociedada Anonima (Portugal), Sociedade Anonima (Brazil), Societe Anonyme (Belgium, France, Greece, Switzerland), South Africa, South African, South America, South Australia, Swept Audio, sail area, sex appeal, shaft alley, spectrum analyzer, stress anneal, sinoatrial, Sexaholics Anonymous (a fellowship of men and women who share their experience, strength, and hope with each other that they may solve their common problem and help others to stop lusting and become sexually sober), Anonyme (French company designation), Bureau of South Asian Affairs (US Department of State), Franciscan Friars of the Atonement (religious order), Sachsen, Safety and Arming, Sahitya Akademi (National Academy of Letters; India), Salary Adjustment, Sale Agreement, Salerno, Campania (Italian province), Sales Associate (real estate), Salta (Argentina province), Sample Analysis, Samtö, Samus Aran (Metroid character), San Andreas (video game), San Antonio, Sandia Apparatus, Sanofi Aventis (pharmaceutical company), Santa Ana (California), Sarajevo (auto registration for Sarajevo, Bosnia), Saskatchewan, Saturable Absorber, Saudi Arabia, Save (assembly language ASM51 assembler control), Say, Say Again (logging abbreviation), Scientific Advisor, Scientific American, Scientific-Atlanta (US satellite communications company), Scout Association, Scouting Association (UK), Scrambled Americans (video production company), Search and Attack, Seasonally Adjusted, Secret Admirer, Section Adaptation, Security Administration, Security Architecture, Security Association (IPSec), Security Authority, Security Awareness, See Also, Seismic Acoustics, Selection Authority, Self Aligned, Self Assessment, Senior Advisor, Sensor Assembly, Server Administrator, Service Advisor, Service Agent, Service Application, Service Appointment, Service Area, Service Assurance, Service Availability, Service-Affecting, Services Administrator (IRC operator), Services and Agencies, Setup Acknowledge (ITU-T), Sewickley Academy (Pennsylvania), Sexaholics Anonymous, Inc., Sexual Assault, Sexually Active, Shadow Alliance (gaming clan), Shared Area, Sheezyart (website), Shipping Authorization, Shipwright Apprentice, Short Abstract (abstracting & indexing), Short Acronym, Show Assistant, Shredder Afval (Dutch: shredder garbage), SicherheitsAbteilung (German: Safety Department), Side Angle (geometry), Significant Accomplishments, Simulated Annealing, Simulation and Analysis, Sine Anno (Latin: Without Date), Singapore Artillery, Single Access, Single Action (revolver), Single Adult, Single Aisle (aircraft), Single Award, Sinus Arrhythmia, Sir Aaron (Pokemon), Situation Assessment, Situation(al) Awareness, Situational Analysis, Sleep Apnea, Slowly Adapting Fiber (In Skin), Smart Alec, Smart Ass, Smoothing Algorithm, Sneak Attack (gaming), Sniper Assist (gaming, Starcraft), Socié, Social Accountability, Social Actions, Social Anxiety, Socialist Appeal, Sociedad Anó, Sociedade Anó, Society of the Atonement, Software Architecture, Solar Array, Solutions Architect, Something Awful (humor webpage), Something's Awful (website), Son Altesse (French: His/Her Highness), Sonata Arctica (band), Sonic Advance (video game), Sonic Adventure (game), Sound Attenuation, Source Address (IEEE 802.3), Source-Active (Cisco), Sourcing Analyst, South African Airways (IATA airline code), South Asia, Space Academy, Space Ace (video game), Space Available (airline travel), Spaced Antenna, Spare Allocation, Special Access, Special Action, Specialist Association (stock market exchanges), Spectral Acceleration (seismology), Spherical Array, Spinal Anesthesia, Spiral Acquisition, Spirited Away (Japanese anime movie), Splenic Artery, Spooksoliy Ara^nkas, Spring Awakening (musical), Springfield (Massachusetts) Armory (closed), Stabsarzt (German military), Stachowski Alpacas, Staging Activity, Standardised Approach, Standards Australia, Standby Air, State Annex (department of state building), Station Actual, Status Asthmaticus, Stealth Assassin (gaming), Stent Area, Stochastic Approximation, Storage Allocator, Stores Accountant, Storm Afdeling, Strategic Attack, Stroke Association, Structured Analysis (software engineering), Student Ambassadors, Student Assistant, Student Association, Studies and Analysis, Stuffed Animal, Stupid Ass, Stьrmabteilung (German: stormtroopers; paramilitary organization of Nazi Party), Sua Altezza (Italian: Her/His Majesty), Sub-Address (ISDN), Subscriber Access, Substance Abuse, Subsystem(s) Analysis, Suffield Academy (Suffield, Connecticut), Sugar Association, Sum Assured, Summa (Latin: sum), Sunshine Act, Suomen Armeija (Army of Finland), SuperAmerica, Superachromat (tele-photo lenses made by Carl Zeiss), Supervising Authority, Supplemental Appropriation, Supplemental Assembly, Supply Air (HVAC), Support Acquisition, Supportability Analysis, Supras Auteuil, Surveillance Area, Sustainable America, Swansea (postal code for Swansea, Wales), Swiss Army, Switch Arbiter, Syllabic Abbreviation, Symbolic Analysis, System Abort, System Administration, System Administrator, System Analysis, System Architecture, System Assessment, fsins (Iceland), k Atvinnulí, nima (Spanish company designation), short answer, té, Shareholders Agreement

20) Университет: Sophomore Advisor, Special Activities, Strongly Agree, Student Administration, Study Abroad, Summer Absenteeism

21) Физиология: Short Acting

22) Электроника: Sampling Actuation, Socket A, Structured Audio

23) Вычислительная техника: Storage Array, Systems Analyst, sense amplifier, smart applet, Spare Area (CD-MRW, DA), Software Assurance (MS), Source (MAC) Address (SNA, Token Ring, ATM, FDDI)

24) Нефть: south addition

25) Генетика: streptavidin, стрептавидин

26) Офтальмология: (Spherical Aberration) Сферическая аберрация

27) Банковское дело: Закон о ценных бумагах (США, 1933 г.; Securities Act)

28) Транспорт: Shipyard Agreement, Slow Away

29) Пищевая промышленность: Special Ale

30) Фирменный знак: Samso

31) Экология: sludge age

32) Деловая лексика: Services Administration

33) Образование: State Agency, Student Apathy

34) Сетевые технологии: Security Association, Server Address, администратор системы, адрес отправителя

35) ЕБРР: С учётом сезонных изменений (Seasonally adjusted), special account

36) Полимеры: sectional area, self-acting, semiautomatic, sieve analysis

37) Программирование: Set Access, Shift Amount, Starting Address

38) Автоматика: start of action

39) Сахалин Р: Sakhalin Administration

40) Океанография: Simple- Adjoint, Supplied Air

41) Химическое оружие: Safety assessment, summary account

42) Макаров: standard atmosphere

43) Безопасность: Security Advisory

44) Электротехника: security analysis, stability area

45) Имена и фамилии: Stanley Arthur

46) Майкрософт: сопоставление безопасности

47) Общественная организация: Scholarship America

48) Должность: Shopping Assistant

49) Чат: Sibling Alert

50) Правительство: Santa Ana, California

51) НАСА: Software Assurance, Solar Atmosphere

52) Программное обеспечение: Scripting Additions, Search Algorithm, Special Applications, Sql Administrator

53) Федеральное бюро расследований: San Antonio Field Office

54) AMEX. Stage II Apparel Corporation

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > SA
19 Sa

1) Общая лексика: социальная ответственность (стандарт SA 8000 'Social Accountability')

2) Компьютерная техника: Scalable Architecture, Set Attribute, Shutdown Acknowledged

3) Геология: Спектральный анализ ( Spectral analysis)

4) Медицина: sacrum anterior, serum albumin (концентрация альбумина в сыворотке крови)

5) Американизм: Set Aside, Special Application, Support Administration

6) Спорт: Sets Against

7) Военный термин: Logistics Staff Officer, Secretary of the Army, Security Administrator, Seventh Army, Situation Analysis, Situation Awareness, Situational Awareness (4) Signals Analysis, South Australian, Space Applications, Special Act, Springfield armory, Stand Alone, Surprise Attack, Systems Administrator, Systems Architecture, safety analysis, scientific adviser, security assistance, selected ammunition, semiactive, senior adviser, service action, service adviser, service arm, servo assembly, ship-to-aircraft, shipping authority, signal analysis, signal analyzer, signature analysis, simple alert, single-action, site activation, slow-acting, small arms, snap-action, special actions, special agent, special area, special assignment, special assistant, specific activity, spectrum analysis, staging area, standby altimeter, storage area, subassembly, subject to approval, subsistence allowance, substitution authorization, supervisory authority, supplemental agreement, supply agency, supply area, support agency, supporting arms, surface area, surface attack, surface-to-air, system approach, systems analysis, used to identify FSU Surface-to-Air Missiles, e.g., SA-7/GRAIL

8) Техника: Securities Art, acoustic sweep, safety & assessment department, satellite astronomy, separate amplifiers, service air, servoamplifier, signal attenuation, slow-acting relay, spaceborne astronomy, spacecraft adapter, supplement agreement, supporting agency, switching device

9) Сельское хозяйство: Sustainable Agriculture

10) Химия: Silver Azide

11) Математика: анализ систем (systems analysis), самосопряжённый (self-adjoint), сигнатурный анализ (signature analysis), системный подход (systems approach)

12) Религия: Supreme Allah

13) Железнодорожный термин: Norfolk Southern Railway Company

14) Юридический термин: Side Arm

15) Экономика: societe anonima

16) Грубое выражение: Sex Angle, Sexy Adventures, Sore Arse

17) Металлургия: Submerged Arc

18) Телекоммуникации: Source Address, Subarea

19) Сокращение: Arsine (Chemical warfare blood agent), Salvation Army, Sanskrit, Saturday, Saudi Arabia (NATO country code), Scientific Adviser (UK), Seaman Apprentice, Securities Act, Selective Availability (GPS), Selective Availability, Service Assistant, Situational Awareness, Sociedad Anonima (Spain, Venezuela), Sociedada Anonima (Portugal), Sociedade Anonima (Brazil), Societe Anonyme (Belgium, France, Greece, Switzerland), South Africa, South African, South America, South Australia, Swept Audio, sail area, sex appeal, shaft alley, spectrum analyzer, stress anneal, sinoatrial, Sexaholics Anonymous (a fellowship of men and women who share their experience, strength, and hope with each other that they may solve their common problem and help others to stop lusting and become sexually sober), Anonyme (French company designation), Bureau of South Asian Affairs (US Department of State), Franciscan Friars of the Atonement (religious order), Sachsen, Safety and Arming, Sahitya Akademi (National Academy of Letters; India), Salary Adjustment, Sale Agreement, Salerno, Campania (Italian province), Sales Associate (real estate), Salta (Argentina province), Sample Analysis, Samtö, Samus Aran (Metroid character), San Andreas (video game), San Antonio, Sandia Apparatus, Sanofi Aventis (pharmaceutical company), Santa Ana (California), Sarajevo (auto registration for Sarajevo, Bosnia), Saskatchewan, Saturable Absorber, Saudi Arabia, Save (assembly language ASM51 assembler control), Say, Say Again (logging abbreviation), Scientific Advisor, Scientific American, Scientific-Atlanta (US satellite communications company), Scout Association, Scouting Association (UK), Scrambled Americans (video production company), Search and Attack, Seasonally Adjusted, Secret Admirer, Section Adaptation, Security Administration, Security Architecture, Security Association (IPSec), Security Authority, Security Awareness, See Also, Seismic Acoustics, Selection Authority, Self Aligned, Self Assessment, Senior Advisor, Sensor Assembly, Server Administrator, Service Advisor, Service Agent, Service Application, Service Appointment, Service Area, Service Assurance, Service Availability, Service-Affecting, Services Administrator (IRC operator), Services and Agencies, Setup Acknowledge (ITU-T), Sewickley Academy (Pennsylvania), Sexaholics Anonymous, Inc., Sexual Assault, Sexually Active, Shadow Alliance (gaming clan), Shared Area, Sheezyart (website), Shipping Authorization, Shipwright Apprentice, Short Abstract (abstracting & indexing), Short Acronym, Show Assistant, Shredder Afval (Dutch: shredder garbage), SicherheitsAbteilung (German: Safety Department), Side Angle (geometry), Significant Accomplishments, Simulated Annealing, Simulation and Analysis, Sine Anno (Latin: Without Date), Singapore Artillery, Single Access, Single Action (revolver), Single Adult, Single Aisle (aircraft), Single Award, Sinus Arrhythmia, Sir Aaron (Pokemon), Situation Assessment, Situation(al) Awareness, Situational Analysis, Sleep Apnea, Slowly Adapting Fiber (In Skin), Smart Alec, Smart Ass, Smoothing Algorithm, Sneak Attack (gaming), Sniper Assist (gaming, Starcraft), Socié, Social Accountability, Social Actions, Social Anxiety, Socialist Appeal, Sociedad Anó, Sociedade Anó, Society of the Atonement, Software Architecture, Solar Array, Solutions Architect, Something Awful (humor webpage), Something's Awful (website), Son Altesse (French: His/Her Highness), Sonata Arctica (band), Sonic Advance (video game), Sonic Adventure (game), Sound Attenuation, Source Address (IEEE 802.3), Source-Active (Cisco), Sourcing Analyst, South African Airways (IATA airline code), South Asia, Space Academy, Space Ace (video game), Space Available (airline travel), Spaced Antenna, Spare Allocation, Special Access, Special Action, Specialist Association (stock market exchanges), Spectral Acceleration (seismology), Spherical Array, Spinal Anesthesia, Spiral Acquisition, Spirited Away (Japanese anime movie), Splenic Artery, Spooksoliy Ara^nkas, Spring Awakening (musical), Springfield (Massachusetts) Armory (closed), Stabsarzt (German military), Stachowski Alpacas, Staging Activity, Standardised Approach, Standards Australia, Standby Air, State Annex (department of state building), Station Actual, Status Asthmaticus, Stealth Assassin (gaming), Stent Area, Stochastic Approximation, Storage Allocator, Stores Accountant, Storm Afdeling, Strategic Attack, Stroke Association, Structured Analysis (software engineering), Student Ambassadors, Student Assistant, Student Association, Studies and Analysis, Stuffed Animal, Stupid Ass, Stьrmabteilung (German: stormtroopers; paramilitary organization of Nazi Party), Sua Altezza (Italian: Her/His Majesty), Sub-Address (ISDN), Subscriber Access, Substance Abuse, Subsystem(s) Analysis, Suffield Academy (Suffield, Connecticut), Sugar Association, Sum Assured, Summa (Latin: sum), Sunshine Act, Suomen Armeija (Army of Finland), SuperAmerica, Superachromat (tele-photo lenses made by Carl Zeiss), Supervising Authority, Supplemental Appropriation, Supplemental Assembly, Supply Air (HVAC), Support Acquisition, Supportability Analysis, Supras Auteuil, Surveillance Area, Sustainable America, Swansea (postal code for Swansea, Wales), Swiss Army, Switch Arbiter, Syllabic Abbreviation, Symbolic Analysis, System Abort, System Administration, System Administrator, System Analysis, System Architecture, System Assessment, fsins (Iceland), k Atvinnulí, nima (Spanish company designation), short answer, té, Shareholders Agreement

20) Университет: Sophomore Advisor, Special Activities, Strongly Agree, Student Administration, Study Abroad, Summer Absenteeism

21) Физиология: Short Acting

22) Электроника: Sampling Actuation, Socket A, Structured Audio

23) Вычислительная техника: Storage Array, Systems Analyst, sense amplifier, smart applet, Spare Area (CD-MRW, DA), Software Assurance (MS), Source (MAC) Address (SNA, Token Ring, ATM, FDDI)

24) Нефть: south addition

25) Генетика: streptavidin, стрептавидин

26) Офтальмология: (Spherical Aberration) Сферическая аберрация

27) Банковское дело: Закон о ценных бумагах (США, 1933 г.; Securities Act)

28) Транспорт: Shipyard Agreement, Slow Away

29) Пищевая промышленность: Special Ale

30) Фирменный знак: Samso

31) Экология: sludge age

32) Деловая лексика: Services Administration

33) Образование: State Agency, Student Apathy

34) Сетевые технологии: Security Association, Server Address, администратор системы, адрес отправителя

35) ЕБРР: С учётом сезонных изменений (Seasonally adjusted), special account

36) Полимеры: sectional area, self-acting, semiautomatic, sieve analysis

37) Программирование: Set Access, Shift Amount, Starting Address

38) Автоматика: start of action

39) Сахалин Р: Sakhalin Administration

40) Океанография: Simple- Adjoint, Supplied Air

41) Химическое оружие: Safety assessment, summary account

42) Макаров: standard atmosphere

43) Безопасность: Security Advisory

44) Электротехника: security analysis, stability area

45) Имена и фамилии: Stanley Arthur

46) Майкрософт: сопоставление безопасности

47) Общественная организация: Scholarship America

48) Должность: Shopping Assistant

49) Чат: Sibling Alert

50) Правительство: Santa Ana, California

51) НАСА: Software Assurance, Solar Atmosphere

52) Программное обеспечение: Scripting Additions, Search Algorithm, Special Applications, Sql Administrator

53) Федеральное бюро расследований: San Antonio Field Office

54) AMEX. Stage II Apparel Corporation

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Sa
20 sa

1) Общая лексика: социальная ответственность (стандарт SA 8000 'Social Accountability')

2) Компьютерная техника: Scalable Architecture, Set Attribute, Shutdown Acknowledged

3) Геология: Спектральный анализ ( Spectral analysis)

4) Медицина: sacrum anterior, serum albumin (концентрация альбумина в сыворотке крови)

5) Американизм: Set Aside, Special Application, Support Administration

6) Спорт: Sets Against

7) Военный термин: Logistics Staff Officer, Secretary of the Army, Security Administrator, Seventh Army, Situation Analysis, Situation Awareness, Situational Awareness (4) Signals Analysis, South Australian, Space Applications, Special Act, Springfield armory, Stand Alone, Surprise Attack, Systems Administrator, Systems Architecture, safety analysis, scientific adviser, security assistance, selected ammunition, semiactive, senior adviser, service action, service adviser, service arm, servo assembly, ship-to-aircraft, shipping authority, signal analysis, signal analyzer, signature analysis, simple alert, single-action, site activation, slow-acting, small arms, snap-action, special actions, special agent, special area, special assignment, special assistant, specific activity, spectrum analysis, staging area, standby altimeter, storage area, subassembly, subject to approval, subsistence allowance, substitution authorization, supervisory authority, supplemental agreement, supply agency, supply area, support agency, supporting arms, surface area, surface attack, surface-to-air, system approach, systems analysis, used to identify FSU Surface-to-Air Missiles, e.g., SA-7/GRAIL

8) Техника: Securities Art, acoustic sweep, safety & assessment department, satellite astronomy, separate amplifiers, service air, servoamplifier, signal attenuation, slow-acting relay, spaceborne astronomy, spacecraft adapter, supplement agreement, supporting agency, switching device

9) Сельское хозяйство: Sustainable Agriculture

10) Химия: Silver Azide

11) Математика: анализ систем (systems analysis), самосопряжённый (self-adjoint), сигнатурный анализ (signature analysis), системный подход (systems approach)

12) Религия: Supreme Allah

13) Железнодорожный термин: Norfolk Southern Railway Company

14) Юридический термин: Side Arm

15) Экономика: societe anonima

16) Грубое выражение: Sex Angle, Sexy Adventures, Sore Arse

17) Металлургия: Submerged Arc

18) Телекоммуникации: Source Address, Subarea

19) Сокращение: Arsine (Chemical warfare blood agent), Salvation Army, Sanskrit, Saturday, Saudi Arabia (NATO country code), Scientific Adviser (UK), Seaman Apprentice, Securities Act, Selective Availability (GPS), Selective Availability, Service Assistant, Situational Awareness, Sociedad Anonima (Spain, Venezuela), Sociedada Anonima (Portugal), Sociedade Anonima (Brazil), Societe Anonyme (Belgium, France, Greece, Switzerland), South Africa, South African, South America, South Australia, Swept Audio, sail area, sex appeal, shaft alley, spectrum analyzer, stress anneal, sinoatrial, Sexaholics Anonymous (a fellowship of men and women who share their experience, strength, and hope with each other that they may solve their common problem and help others to stop lusting and become sexually sober), Anonyme (French company designation), Bureau of South Asian Affairs (US Department of State), Franciscan Friars of the Atonement (religious order), Sachsen, Safety and Arming, Sahitya Akademi (National Academy of Letters; India), Salary Adjustment, Sale Agreement, Salerno, Campania (Italian province), Sales Associate (real estate), Salta (Argentina province), Sample Analysis, Samtö, Samus Aran (Metroid character), San Andreas (video game), San Antonio, Sandia Apparatus, Sanofi Aventis (pharmaceutical company), Santa Ana (California), Sarajevo (auto registration for Sarajevo, Bosnia), Saskatchewan, Saturable Absorber, Saudi Arabia, Save (assembly language ASM51 assembler control), Say, Say Again (logging abbreviation), Scientific Advisor, Scientific American, Scientific-Atlanta (US satellite communications company), Scout Association, Scouting Association (UK), Scrambled Americans (video production company), Search and Attack, Seasonally Adjusted, Secret Admirer, Section Adaptation, Security Administration, Security Architecture, Security Association (IPSec), Security Authority, Security Awareness, See Also, Seismic Acoustics, Selection Authority, Self Aligned, Self Assessment, Senior Advisor, Sensor Assembly, Server Administrator, Service Advisor, Service Agent, Service Application, Service Appointment, Service Area, Service Assurance, Service Availability, Service-Affecting, Services Administrator (IRC operator), Services and Agencies, Setup Acknowledge (ITU-T), Sewickley Academy (Pennsylvania), Sexaholics Anonymous, Inc., Sexual Assault, Sexually Active, Shadow Alliance (gaming clan), Shared Area, Sheezyart (website), Shipping Authorization, Shipwright Apprentice, Short Abstract (abstracting & indexing), Short Acronym, Show Assistant, Shredder Afval (Dutch: shredder garbage), SicherheitsAbteilung (German: Safety Department), Side Angle (geometry), Significant Accomplishments, Simulated Annealing, Simulation and Analysis, Sine Anno (Latin: Without Date), Singapore Artillery, Single Access, Single Action (revolver), Single Adult, Single Aisle (aircraft), Single Award, Sinus Arrhythmia, Sir Aaron (Pokemon), Situation Assessment, Situation(al) Awareness, Situational Analysis, Sleep Apnea, Slowly Adapting Fiber (In Skin), Smart Alec, Smart Ass, Smoothing Algorithm, Sneak Attack (gaming), Sniper Assist (gaming, Starcraft), Socié, Social Accountability, Social Actions, Social Anxiety, Socialist Appeal, Sociedad Anó, Sociedade Anó, Society of the Atonement, Software Architecture, Solar Array, Solutions Architect, Something Awful (humor webpage), Something's Awful (website), Son Altesse (French: His/Her Highness), Sonata Arctica (band), Sonic Advance (video game), Sonic Adventure (game), Sound Attenuation, Source Address (IEEE 802.3), Source-Active (Cisco), Sourcing Analyst, South African Airways (IATA airline code), South Asia, Space Academy, Space Ace (video game), Space Available (airline travel), Spaced Antenna, Spare Allocation, Special Access, Special Action, Specialist Association (stock market exchanges), Spectral Acceleration (seismology), Spherical Array, Spinal Anesthesia, Spiral Acquisition, Spirited Away (Japanese anime movie), Splenic Artery, Spooksoliy Ara^nkas, Spring Awakening (musical), Springfield (Massachusetts) Armory (closed), Stabsarzt (German military), Stachowski Alpacas, Staging Activity, Standardised Approach, Standards Australia, Standby Air, State Annex (department of state building), Station Actual, Status Asthmaticus, Stealth Assassin (gaming), Stent Area, Stochastic Approximation, Storage Allocator, Stores Accountant, Storm Afdeling, Strategic Attack, Stroke Association, Structured Analysis (software engineering), Student Ambassadors, Student Assistant, Student Association, Studies and Analysis, Stuffed Animal, Stupid Ass, Stьrmabteilung (German: stormtroopers; paramilitary organization of Nazi Party), Sua Altezza (Italian: Her/His Majesty), Sub-Address (ISDN), Subscriber Access, Substance Abuse, Subsystem(s) Analysis, Suffield Academy (Suffield, Connecticut), Sugar Association, Sum Assured, Summa (Latin: sum), Sunshine Act, Suomen Armeija (Army of Finland), SuperAmerica, Superachromat (tele-photo lenses made by Carl Zeiss), Supervising Authority, Supplemental Appropriation, Supplemental Assembly, Supply Air (HVAC), Support Acquisition, Supportability Analysis, Supras Auteuil, Surveillance Area, Sustainable America, Swansea (postal code for Swansea, Wales), Swiss Army, Switch Arbiter, Syllabic Abbreviation, Symbolic Analysis, System Abort, System Administration, System Administrator, System Analysis, System Architecture, System Assessment, fsins (Iceland), k Atvinnulí, nima (Spanish company designation), short answer, té, Shareholders Agreement

20) Университет: Sophomore Advisor, Special Activities, Strongly Agree, Student Administration, Study Abroad, Summer Absenteeism

21) Физиология: Short Acting

22) Электроника: Sampling Actuation, Socket A, Structured Audio

23) Вычислительная техника: Storage Array, Systems Analyst, sense amplifier, smart applet, Spare Area (CD-MRW, DA), Software Assurance (MS), Source (MAC) Address (SNA, Token Ring, ATM, FDDI)

24) Нефть: south addition

25) Генетика: streptavidin, стрептавидин

26) Офтальмология: (Spherical Aberration) Сферическая аберрация

27) Банковское дело: Закон о ценных бумагах (США, 1933 г.; Securities Act)

28) Транспорт: Shipyard Agreement, Slow Away

29) Пищевая промышленность: Special Ale

30) Фирменный знак: Samso

31) Экология: sludge age

32) Деловая лексика: Services Administration

33) Образование: State Agency, Student Apathy

34) Сетевые технологии: Security Association, Server Address, администратор системы, адрес отправителя

35) ЕБРР: С учётом сезонных изменений (Seasonally adjusted), special account

36) Полимеры: sectional area, self-acting, semiautomatic, sieve analysis

37) Программирование: Set Access, Shift Amount, Starting Address

38) Автоматика: start of action

39) Сахалин Р: Sakhalin Administration

40) Океанография: Simple- Adjoint, Supplied Air

41) Химическое оружие: Safety assessment, summary account

42) Макаров: standard atmosphere

43) Безопасность: Security Advisory

44) Электротехника: security analysis, stability area

45) Имена и фамилии: Stanley Arthur

46) Майкрософт: сопоставление безопасности

47) Общественная организация: Scholarship America

48) Должность: Shopping Assistant

49) Чат: Sibling Alert

50) Правительство: Santa Ana, California

51) НАСА: Software Assurance, Solar Atmosphere

52) Программное обеспечение: Scripting Additions, Search Algorithm, Special Applications, Sql Administrator

53) Федеральное бюро расследований: San Antonio Field Office

54) AMEX. Stage II Apparel Corporation

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > sa

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

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